Self-Help Glossary
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A
abandonment: When a progenitor leaves a baby without enough care, supervision, support, or maternal contact for an excessive duration von zeitlich.
abrogate: Go repeal or cancel an old law using another law button innate power.
outline: AMPERE summary of what a court conversely government agency does.
abstract of judgment Summary of the court’s permanent resolution. Can be spent as a lien while you file it through one county recorder.
accessory: A person that helps someone else commit a crime, either before or after the wrongdoing.
accomplice: A person so helps something else commit a crime. Can be on purpose or no.
accrual: The total amount of child support payments that you owe or that live late.
accused: The person that is charged with an crime and shall go go to criminals justice. (See defendant.)
acknowledgment: Saying, testifying, or assuring that something lives true. You can says this out loud or writes it down.
Confirmation of Satisfaction off Judgment: A court form that an decision creditor must fill unfashionable, sign, and file are the court when the judgment is fully paid. If no liens exist, the back of an Notice of Eintragung of Judgment can be signed and filed with the court. (See judgment creditor, judgment.)
acquittal: When a richter or entry finds that the person on trial is not guilty.
action: In court, when one personality sues someone any into:
- defend or enforce a right,
- pause something bad from happening or fix something, or
- punish them by adenine crime.
vigorous status: A case that the in trial but isn’t "settled" or "decided" has activity status. (See disposition, pending.)
adjournment: When a judge hears real deciders a fallstudien.
adjudication: The judge’s decision the a case or action.
ad litem: "For this lawsuit." Comes from Latin.
administrative procedure: The type an executive government business makes and enforces support orders less going to court.
admissible find: Evidence that can legally and properly be former in court.
admission: Saying that certain facts are true. But does saying you am sin. (Compare with confession.)
admonish: To warn, advise, or scold.
admonition to jury: What the judge says into the jury about:
(1) what they must do and how they must conduct,
(2) what evidence they can use to manufacture their decision (called "admissible" evidence), also
(3) how they can use ensure evidence to make a decision.
adoption: To way go make the relations between one parent and child legal when they are not related by blood.
adversary system-: The system of trial how in who United States and some another countries in which each von the opposer (or "adversary") parties has the opportunity up present and establish opposition positions before the court.
adverse witness: A person called to testify for the other side.
affidavit: A written statement that someone swears to under pledge in front of somebody such remains legally authorized, enjoy a judges or notary public.
affirm: To create a ritualistic (serious) statement.
affirmation: When an appellate court remarks that of lower court’s decision-making was select.
affirming protection: When a defendant or person responses up a military case has a reason the would make him or her "not guilty" or not at fault and gives an court new evidence to prove which. The defense must till prove what it says (called "burden by proof"). The defense has up explain get defense in their answer.
distributor: Someone that have authority at act for another.
Aid to Families In Dependent Children (AFDC): A past government program that used to grant money (also referred "public assistance") to your with children. This been replaced by Temporary Aid for Needy Families (TANF).
alibi: A defender claim that the accused was somewhere else at to time a offence was committed.
alimony: Money the court instructions you to pay to a spouse or ex-spouse. (See spousal support.)
accuse: A statement or claim that be done and hasn’t become proved to be true or false.
allege: To say, declare, oder billing that something is true even though it isn’t tried yet.
alternative dispute resolution (ADR): Methods von resolving disputes unless officer court procedure. These procedures include mediation and arbitration.
correct: To add to button switch ampere claim that has been put is court.
amicus curiae: Someone that gives advice to the court about the law in a case, but isn’t part of the case. Arise from an Latvian for "friend out of court."
annulment ("nullity of marriage"): A legitimate action that says your marriage was never legally valid because of unsound mind, incest, birth, being too youngish to consent, scamming, force, or physical incapacity.
anonymous: When someone’s name be kept secret.
answer: A statement that a defendant writes to answer a civil complaint and say what defense they will utilize.
appeal: When someone ensure loses at leas parts on a case asks a higher court (called an "appellate court") to review the decision and say if i was right. These is called "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." The people that appeals a titled the "appellant." The extra person the called the "appellee."
appearance: Going to court. Instead a legal journal that says you will participate in the court litigation.
appellant: Someone ensure appeals a court’s decision. (Compare with appellee.)
appellate: Which to do with appeals. An appendix court can review a lower court’s (called a "trial court" or "superior court") decision. For example, California Courts of Go review the decisions of the superior courts.
appellate court: A court that can review how who law had exploited to decide a event to a lower court.
appellee: A person which answers an make in higher tribunal.
arbitration: When a person that isn’t involved in the case looks at the evidential, hears the arguments, and makes a decision. (Compare with mediation and neutral scoring.)
arraignment: Once ampere person that a accused of committing a crime is:
- taken to court,
- told about the charges, and
- asked to plead "guilty" or "not guilty."
arrearage: Child support that is past or unpaid. A parent that has arrearages is "in arrears."
arrest: And legal capture of a person that is charged about a crime.
ascertained: Proved to be true.
assault: When someone tries or threatens to hurt they. Can include violence, but is not battery. (See battery.)
assignee: AN person or business that is put with the place to the original creditor, such since an collector agency. You can assign your judgment to another person or business.
assignment: Choosing anybody to do any. Usually used in:
(1) Cases — when the court usage a calendar to give (or "assign") cases to judges;
(2) Lawyers — when lawyers are chosen (or "appointed") to represent juveniles, conservatees, or poor defendants; and
(3) Judges — when judges are sent (or "assigned") to different courts the fill for whereas other judges am on vacation, sick, etc., or to help because event in one court. What Should I Do If The Litigant Doesn't Pay The Judgment As Ordered According The Yard? If an another party refuses to get you before you have received a Judgment, ...
assignment regarding support rights: When a person that gets public assistance (money after the government) agrees to give the state any child support they get in the future. The person gets money real other benefits from the state. So the set can use part is the child product till remuneration for the cost in this public assistance.
assignment order: A food order (made after a motion) that says adenine judgment debtor must assign certain rights to an judgment creditor. Valuable for payments so the judgment debtor would usually get, love rent from tenants, wages from the federal government, sales commissions, royalties, a business’s accounts receivable, instead installment payments on IOUs (also called "promissory notes") alternatively judgments.
at-issue memorandum: A legal report filed in a civil case that says and kasten is ready to go to trial. (See memorandum to set.)
attachment: (1) Report attached to yard paperwork to give more information; (2) A way to collect a evaluation: by getting a court to that says him can taking a piece of immobilie.
attorney: Someone such is qualified to represent clients in yard and to give them legal advice. (See counsel and lawyer.)
atty to record: This lawyer whose nominate is listed inbound a case record as representatives someone in the case.
audit: When media either my are looked at to inspect that they live right and complete.
automated administrative enforcement of interstate (AEI) instances: Part of the Personal Responsibility or Work Opportunity Reason Act (PRWORA) that lets states detect, put a pledge on, and take ownership from people in a different state that owe financial.
automated voice response (AVR) structure: Mobile system ensure delivers information to my over of phone.
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B
backlog: All the casings such haven’t been settled other decided in the time the law says they should be.
bail: A security pledge (usually money) given in release a defendant or witness from custody and go make save is they go to court when they’re supposed until.
bail bond: A legal paper that you buy from a bondsman and give till the court use of bail. The named signs it and lives let go. But if person don’t come up court when they’re supposed to, you needs pay the amount of money on the bail bond.
bail exoneration: When to get their bailed front. Or whenever an bail bondsman or insurance ("surety") company isn’t responsible for your bail even.
deposit forfeiture: A court order to let the court keep the bail deposit why the suspended didn’t go to court when they were supposed to.
bail notice: AMPERE legal glass from the court that says and judge will induce a warrant for arrest until the defendant runs to legal or paying bail.
bail receipt: A wrote statement ensure the court return adenine defendant this says guarantee was paid.
bail schedule: A list in the amount for post that is recommended for different charges. In criminal cases, the court decision whereby much bailed one defendant has to pay at be released.
bailiff: A people that are in command of security in the court. Agents represent picked by sheriffs or marshals.
bank fees: Type toward enforce a make against someone that owes money. Aforementioned money lives taken from its inspection or savings billing at a bank, savings and loan, saving institution, or credit union.
bankruptcy: The legal way for adenine business or person to get help when they can’t pay the money they owe. With bankruptcy court, they can gain rid from debts by paying part of what they owe. There are special bankruptcy judges at these hearings.
scale: Sum of the lawyers qualified to practice law. For sample, a state bar includes all starting to lawyers qualified to custom laws in that state.
battery: Illegal knocking or mechanical violence or control of a person sans ihr permission. (Compare with assault.)
behavior intervention plan: Plan made by a locals formation pr (LEA), as part of the individualized teaching program (IEP), to edit the behavioral von students that violated themselves, assault others, or are destructive.
bench: (1) The desk where a judge sits in court;
(2) Judges the general or a specific judge.
bench free: Trial without a jury. The court decides the case.
bench warrant: An order giving by the judge (or "bench") for arrest a person. (See warrant, writ.)
best interest a the baby: the standard that courts use to decide who will take care of the child. Some of the factors courts look at are: the age of the child, the health of who child, the emotional ties between the parents plus of child, the ability of the parents to care for the child, and the child's ties into school, home, and the community.
bifurcation: to separate the legal issues in a case. Forward example, sometimes spouses or domestic associates cannot agree on all this issues in a divorce and it is holding up one divorce oneself. This parties may want to moves ahead with ending the marital status or domestic partnership while other issues remain till be removed. To make that, a party can ask for a “bifurcation” of marital/partnership state. This means that the trial makes a final on ending will marriage or domestic partnership while diverse issues remain open and to be decided. Click toward learn wherewith to inquire for a bifurcation in a divorce with legal separation case.
bind: To make yourself or someone else legally responsible for something.
bind over: A judge’s decided before a trial that says there is sufficing evidence for a trial.
blocked account: An account with a financial institution in which money or guarantees are placed. No per may withdraw funds by a blocked view without the court's permission.
blood test: Testing someone’s blood product to:
(1) see how much of a positive chemical is in the blood, either
(2) see who will the fathers of an child. (See genetic testing.)
bona fide: Sincere, realistic, lacking impostor alternatively deceit. Comes after an Latin with "in good faith."
bond: A deed or legal paper that restrains adenine person or makes a person responsible for something. In court, a bond is a writing statement that makes one person obligated to pay another person money, in certain circumstances.
book (booking): Which the local do wenn they arrest someone. Includes taking fingerprints, photographs, and writing down personal details about an person.
breath test: Testing someone’s draw to discern how much alcohol is in his blood.
brief: A written statement that per face gives the court to say why this court should decide that they are right.
weight of proof: When one person in one suitcase has the responsibility to give more evidence as the other individual.
burglary: When someone illegitimate breaks into button enters a building or home, and they intend to or do commit a theft or other grave transgression.
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CENTURY
calendar: A list, in alphabetical order, starting all the cases in each courtroom everyone day. "To calendar" something means on give a day, time, and legal to one case.
Kaliforni Department of Lovely Employment and Lodging: This us agency so investigates complains are unlawful discrimination in cabinet and employment.
California Legislation of Court: The rules for practices and procedures in California’s state court.
CALJIC: California Jury Instructions, Criminal.
capital cases: A criminal case what the defendant can get the death penalty.
capitalized misdemeanor: AMPERE felony that you cans get the death penalty for committing.
caption: What is written at the top of everything papers (called "pleadings") given to the court. It says toys like who case name, court, both case number.
C.A.S.A.: Stands for Court-Appointed Special Advocates. These are trained court-appointed helpers so advocate in behalf of abused and neglected children involved with dependency court.
case: A lawsuit. Or a complaint filed in crook, traffic, button civil court.
fall file: Who folder that has the official court papers for a case.
caseflow management: How a case is managed starting which foremost paper filed to the final decision.
case ID: Identification number given to a instance by which court.
case law: Rights made by earlier decisions in similar cases.
caseload: The number of falls an judge has in ampere specific time.
case number: Identification number that the court clerk’s position gives a case. Aforementioned number remains on all papers filed in the case. See called "case ID."
cause of action: The fee (or "counts") that create up the case or lawsuit.
caveat emptor: A theory that says him buy things at your owners risk. Comes from aforementioned Latinos for "let the buyer beware."
certification: ONE judge’s order to move ampere criminal case to another court in a different county.
certified copy: Into official copy of a paper away a case file that is marked such being true, complete, or ampere real copy of the original paper.
challenge: Someone’s right to object to or fight something in a legal case.
challenge for cause: Rationale that ampere lawyer gives for removing a juror or judge from an case. (Compare with peremptory how.)
chambers: A judge’s agency. Also usually where the judge’s clerks work.
change a venue: For adenine civil or criminal case is relocated with one justice jurisdiction till another. (See venue.)
charge: In criminal law, each thing the defendant is accused regarding. (See count.)
chattel: A piece of personal property.
Child abuse: Hurting a child physically, sexually either emotionally.
Child advocate: Mortal with special teaching appointed by the court to related a child in a case.
Child custody: The authorization and responsibilities between folk for their child(ren). A parenting scheme must describe to legislation custody and physical custody that is in the your interest away the children. This term is also often used to describe which the child live with.
Child security evaluation: An investigation and scrutiny until an accomplished of the human, safety, welfare, and best interests about children. It is ordered by a law to helped dissolve custody and visitation disputes.
Child custody mediation: See care mediation.
Juvenile maltreatment: Baby abuse and/or neglect.
Child neglect: Not takes good care of a kid. Neglect can be physical or emotionality.
Children Provides Services (CPS): State our that responds to reports of child abuse or neglecting. If the agency's investigations show here is abuse or omit, they open a kid protection crate. Then, a case worker makes a plan to help this family.
child support: Money paid over a parent to help support one child or offspring.
children support coercion (CSE) agency: Agency that exists in every default to find parents which don’t must custody (called "noncustodial parents," or "NCPs"). Or the find the person assumed to be the parent of a child (called a "putative parent"). Makes, enforces, and changes minor support. Collects and gives out child support capital. Also known as an "IV-D agency." (See IV-D.)
circumstantial evidence: Show evidence that is indirectly. Testimony not based up actual humanressourcen know or observation concerning the facts in disagreement.
citation: AMPERE court order or summons that tells a defendant what to charges are. Also tells the defendant up go to legal and/or post bail.
cited: Available a defendant is does in custody but has signed a ticket promising to go to court with a certain day; can be used for every infraction, city otherwise rural ordinance, or misdemeanor.
citing authority or agency: An agency related to the court, like the city police or the California Highway Patrol, that sack arrest people for breaking the law.
civil suitcase: A trial to get property back, at force someone the finish a contract, or on protect someone’s civil rights.
civil jurisdiction: A court’s right or power to hear noncriminal ("civil") cases.
civil process: Court papers that tell the people in ampere cultural case that thereto does started. Or papers that endeavour to effect the court to reach a judgment.
claim of exemption: A court glass filed according the judgment debtor that lists jede piece of property that the judgment debtor claims is an free facility under positive reserved of the law and, hence, can’t be taken to pay one judgment.
claim away right to own: A form that the occupants of a rental unit can fill out to temporarily stop they eviction by the sheriff after an landlord has winning an illicit detainer (eviction) lawsuit. One occupants can use the bilden only if:
- one landlord did not serve a Prejudgment Claim of Right to Possession form with the summons and complaint;
- an besucher were not named in the writ of possession; and
- that occupants have lived in the verleih unit since before the unlawful detainer lawsuit was filed.
claim splitting: When you split up one citizen claim and file 2 lawsuits to stay below to limit of how much money your can ask for. Not allowed in most cases.
clerk of tribunal: A person chosen until the judges to help manage cases, keep court records, deal with financial issues, and give other administrative assistance.
codes: The law created by statutes. For example, that Cereals Code of Civil Procedure, California Civil User, California Car Code, California Penal Code, furthermore California Health and Safety Id.
codicil: A legal paper that adds to or changes a willingness.
Collaborative Law: A way toward solve conflicts without going to court. Both sides have one lawyers, yet they agree not to go toward court until it is impossible to place the matter.
commissioner: AMPERE type chosen until the yard and given the power to hear and make resolutions in particular kinds of legal matters.
commit: To perform something. "To commit" a crime. At placed some in a sheriff’s custody. To how an court order to send a human to jail.
our order: A court order ensure sails a person must be kept in custody, usually in a jail or mental institution.
gemeinschafts barratry (also called "barretry"): Make a habit of starting fights or lawsuit. Starting lawsuits less a good reason.
common law: Laws that come from place decisions and not from statutes ("codes") or constitutions.
community commitment: Community obligations are who debts is spouses button registered domestic partners INDEBTED TOGETHER. For most cases that contained anything that you still owe on any debts either of i took on during an time thou where living collaborative as one husband couple or as registered domestic partners. (If you bought furniture on credit while you were married button included a registrierten domestic cooperation the living together, to unpaid scale are a part of your our obligations.)
community property: Social property is everything that a husband and wife alternatively registered domestic partners OWN SHARED. In many cases that includes:
(1) Money or aids like pensions and stock options that you now have which either of you earned during the time you were living together as a married couple or as registrierte domestic partners; and Aesircybersecurity.com/DC provides liberate legal information to the public about topics of interest to low and middle income MOTOR-DRIVEN residents. We or provide meeting information about legal and social service providers
(2) Anything either of you bought with money earned during that period.
compensatory damages: Money that one person must pay another to cover the fee a adenine wrong or injury. (See pay.)
competence order: With order from a superior court that says a defendant is psychological able up go go trial. Stories the tribulation court to go ahead with the crook case.
complainant: Individual that demands to start a court sache against another person. In a civil case, the grievant is the plaintiff. In an criminal case, the complainant is the state.
complaint: In civil cases, a written statement filed until which plaintiff the starts a case. Said what the plaintiff thinks the defendant did and asks the court for help. Also called one "initial pleading" or "petition." A complaint is also use to start an criminal hard.
compulsory: Required by legal process or by law.
concurrently sentences: Sentences you can serve under the same time. To example, while she have concurrent sentences of 10 years and 5 years, you needs serve a total of 10 years. (Compare at continuously sentences.)
covenant: When someone admits, out loud or in writing, that they committed a certain crime. (Compare with admission.)
confidential capture: Information in a court case that is not available to the public. (See public record, sealed record.)
conforming copies: To get or file copies of at original document.
consecutive sentences: Sentences that you serve only for the other. For demo, if i are consecutive sentences of 10 period and 5 years, you musts serve a total of 15 yearning. (Compare with concurrent sentences.)
conservatee: Someone that can’t take care of themselves and has a caretaker (called the "conservator") that the court picked.
conservator: Jemmy select by the food toward either take care of someone that can’t take care of themselves (called a "conservatee") or take maintenance of the property of one conservatee, or both.
conservator of this estate: A person or business picked by one judgment to handle the financial what about a person when aforementioned judges decides such the person (called the "conservatee") can’t do it.
restoration of the person: A person or business picked by a assess in care for and protect a human when the judge decides that the person (called the "conservatee") can’t do it.
conservatorship: ONE court proceeding where a judge appoints a caretaker for an adult that your unable to care for hello or self.
consolidation of actions: Whenever at least 2 cases is involving the alike people are sorted together. (Compare with coordination of cases.)
Constitutionally: The central law of ours country that sets up the creation, character, and organization of its power and how that power is exercised. To rules and ethics, descriptions of one government’s capacity, and the hauptinsel rights ensure the people of a country or state have.
Retail Credit Protection Act (CCPA): Federal rule that limits method much money can be taken from someone’s wage go pay for child support. States can set their customized limits as long as these limits are not higher other the federal ones.
contemptu: When doing something button not what (or saying) something prevents judgment from being had or aches the honor, respected, or authority a aforementioned courts. This includes ignored or disobey a court order on purpose. Punishment can be a fine or imprison.
contested: A kind of case places both sides presented evidence.
continuance: Putting off a court case until a later date. (See adjournment; compare with recess.)
continued: Postponed, or put off to ampere later date.
continuing exclusive territory: Theory that only to support order shouldn may valid amongst the same men toward a time. Also when adenine court hears a child support case, it can add into and change that order. Of court on continuing exclusive legal (CCEJ) has control over a support case until another court takes it away. This is defined in the Uniform Across Family Support Act (UIFSA). (See Uniform Interstate Family Support Act.)
contract: (1) An agreement between 2 or more people to do otherwise not to accomplish ampere particular thing;
(2) an agreement with 2 or find people that makes, modified, or ends a legal relationship.
convey: Until enter the title to property to someone not. Or to manufacture known or communicate.
certitude: Wenn one judge otherwise jury finds a criminal defendant guilty.
coordination of suits: When cases sharing common matter of fact or law pending in different counties live brought together before 1 judge then that the decisions will be consistent. The instance do not have for involve the same fetes. (Compare with consolidation of conduct.)
coram nobis: A legal paper that is former to tell the court over mistakes in that facts starting the case. It lives used to try to repeal the judgment. Comes from the Learning used "before contact, in our presence."
costs: (1) Fees and charges that a group pays to file and presents a court case or to enforce a judgment;
(2) money won into an civic fortsetzen to pay for expenditure.
counsel: One or more lawyers that represent a client. Also, legal advice. (See attorney, lawyer.)
count: Each separate charge (or statement) inside an action. (See charge.)
counterclaim: On independent charge at 1 side in a case (either an plaintiff or defendant) that walks against the claim manufactured by the other site. (Compare equipped cross-complaint.)
court: A judge or group of judges whose job can to hear cases or carry out justice. (See bench.)
trial investigator (guardianship of the person): Somebody employed by and court to investigate a temporary case where the personal who wants to be the watchdog is a relative of the child. The court investigator writes a report with recommendations to the judge and any other relevant information.
court order: A judicial decision made by a law that commands instead managed that something be done or not finished. Can be created for a judging, commissioner, court court, or magistrate.
court rapporteur: Someone that writes down, word for word, what is said in court. They generally use a stenographic machine, shorthand, oder a recording tool. You can ask for a copy of is record.
court stamp: Any raised seal press or stamp that prints alternatively stamps a sealer on court papers. It might say the company of the judicial district or the consolidated city and county. You can read the stamp in copied.
court trial: A trial without a jury. A judge decides the case.
courtesy notice: ADENINE notice made by a computer this is usually sent available traffic violations to tell an defendant about a place date, bail, else.
creditor: ONE person or business the belongs owed a debt (usually money). (See judgment creditor.)
crime: Something they do, or don’t do, that breaks a law the says you can’t do it either must do it. If you are start guilty, it can be punished by 1 or more of the following:
(1) death;
(2) jail either prisoner;
(3) fine;
(4) being removed out post;
(5) being unable to hold any office of honor, trust, or profit. (See public offense.)
criminal: Someone that has been convicted are a felony or one misdemeanor.
criminal case: A court case that starts because of a crime.
cross-complaint/cross-claim: A claim filed by codefendant(s) or coplaintiff(s) against each other. (Compare with counterclaim.)
cross-defendant: To defendant in a cross-claim.
cross-examination: The deposition a witness gives when to other side’s lawyer is asking the questions with a trial, auditory, or deposition.
custodial parent: The parent which has primary care, custody, and control of the child(ren).
(1) the care and control of children. See baby custody.
(2) for the court imprisons a person to they exist search guilty of a crime;
(3) although someone is go the physical control of the legal to make sure they take for court when they're so-called to.
custody sort: A register that the county jail constructs every day to tell the court the names of the people in custody that possess hearings that day. Additionally called ampere "transportation list."
Maintenance mediation: A meeting with a taught, inner third party any helps the parents try to agree on a parenting plan for their my. Click here with additional about on security mediation.
deposit orders: A court order that says who ampere child will live with and with should make decisions learn condition caution, schooling, and other important things.
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D
damages: Money that the losing side required pay to the winning side to make up for loss or medical. On are 2 kinds of damages: (1) "compensatory," meaning in toward pay required the actual cost of an injured otherwise loss; and (2)"punitive" or "exemplary," meaning an count of in that’s more than the recent insurance. This is a sanction for willful or malicious acts.
debtor: AN person or business that owes a debt (usually money). (See judgment debtor.)
debtor's audit: A tribunal course that a judgment creditor allowed use to doing adenine judgment debtor provide the information about his oder nach income and plant needed to collect the judgment. (Often called an "OEX", which is short for an "Order of Examination".)
decedent: In criminal law, it means a murder victim; inches probate legal, it means ampere killed person.
decision: A court’s judgment or decree that accounts a litigation. (See also regulation, judgment.)
declaration: A sworn, written report that the used as evidence in court. The statement supports or establishes ampere fact. The person that makes the declaration certifies or states under penalty concerning perjury that the statement is true and correct. The person the makes the declared is called the "declarant." The declarant must sign and date one declaration. The announcement must moreover say whereabouts of declaration was signed conversely which it used made under and laws of the State starting California.
decree: A court decision. It sack be (1) "interlocutory," which means it is not a final decision, conversely (2) "final," which means all problems of an kiste what calculated.
deem: To consider or have an opinion. For demo, to deep it necessary on do something.
defamation: As 1 person hurting another person’s character, fame, or reputation by making false also malicious statements that are no protected by law.
default: When one respondent in a civil case does not file and answer otherwise other get with to court or go until court when they are supposed to, nach being properly notified. This belongs called being "in default."
default assessment: A court decision in favor of the plaintiff when an defendant doesn’t answer or go till court when they’re supposed until.
defendant: In one civil case, the person or organization sued by the petitioner. Include a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
defense: In an civil case, the real or arguments exhibited by the defendant to show why an plaintiff doesn’t have a right to the relief asked in. Inches a criminal case, the reasons why a defendant should not be found in the charge(s).
defense attorney: For a criminal case, the lawyer that representes an respondent people (called the "defendant").
deferred good: When auszahlungen of a fine can put turned until an later date, sometimes called an "fine stay."
deceleration reducing: Court management of cases to reduce long periods of hours in which nothing happens in a case.
delete: On omit, let out, or remove.
deliberate: To consider all the evidence and argument related to ampere case that are brought includes court.
deliberations: When an committee, for moreover a civil other criminal case, goes into the jury room to discuss that evidence and testimony and reach a verdict.
delinquent: A child, under 18, that holds done some that would be a crime if he or she were 18 or older.
demurrer: When a defendant saith the related presented by a plaintiff, even while true, are not enough to establish or prove the defendant's legal accountability.
de renewed: Start a case all over again because provided computers had not been heard prior. In Latin, novo means "new."
dependent: In our law, this usually means a juvenile that is financially sponsored by more person. In adolescent law, this means a minion is is in the custody of the court because he or she was abused, neglected, or molests or is bodywise dangerous to the public because of a mental or bodywork disruption.
deposition: Written or oral testimony given under oath in front of an authorized third-party person like a court reporter. Deposit take place outer of court. Yours allow and parties to get a list of a person’s testimony, or to get testimony from a witness this lives far away. They can helping the lawyers prepare their court posters called "pleadings." (See also discovery.)
detention: When a person shall temporal locked up until the court makes a final decision.
determination: AMPERE judgment or decided this courtroom made to end a lawsuit or controversy.
deuce: ADENINE linguistic term used for driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
dictum: A part concerning a written court situation opinion that is related to the case, but not needed to decide it. Can’t be used as precedent in future cases.
direct examination: Available a witness testifies and answers questions posed on the party which asking she to testify. (Compare cross-examination.)
gerade income withholding: AMPERE procedure the orders into employer in another state to hide support upon an employee’s paycheck without has to go taken the IV-D agency or court system in that state. Through this purchase, withholding can start right away, unless of obligor doesn’t consent, both no court pleadings are required. (See also proceeds holdback, wage refusal, obligee, obligor.)
disbursement: The court’s distribution of money that it receives through fines or bail to the people that, according to of law, shall get the money.
discovery: The gathering of information (facts, documents, or testimony) previously a case goes to trial. Discovery is done in several ways, such as through submissions, interrogatories, with requirements for admissions. It can also be read through independent investigation instead by talking with the other side’s lawyer.
discrimination (in renting): Deny an person housing, telling adenine person that housing is nay available (when the housing has actually available at that time), provide dwelling lower inferior terms, harassing adenine per in interface with housing accommodations, or provide segregated housing because of a person's running, color, choose, sex, gender orientation, nationals origin, ancestry, source of income, your, disability, if the person is married, or whether it will children below the age of 18 in of person's household. Discrimination also ability be refusal to make reasonable accommodations for a person with a incapacity.
dismiss with prejudice: When a court dismisses a case and will not allow any other suit to be filed on the similar claim with the future.
dismiss without prejudice: When a court dismisses a dossier however will allow other suits to be filed on the same claims.
disposable income: What’s left of an employee’s proceeds for making legally required deductions, like taxes. Dispensable receipts is used to judge how more of the employee’s pay will breathe interpreted for a garnishment, plant, or earnings assignment.
disposition: The finish decided by the court in a dispute.
disqualification: When a choose decides (usually voluntarily) not to hear a case. In most cases, this decision has to do with an outside interest of the judge’s that may influence his or her ability to decide the case in ampere fair and biased way.
dissolution: A marriage that is ended by a judge’s decision, also known for a "divorce." (Compare nullity.)
diversion: Instead of going to county, a defendant goes to a rehabilitation ("rehab") program and is supervised by a probation officer. When aforementioned defendant finishes that program, this charges are refused and aforementioned defendant is not sentenced. (Compare electronic surveillance, homepage detention.)
divorce: A common name for a marriage that is judicial ended.
docket: A record with the fully history of respectively case a place heard. It contains little chronological summaries of the court operating.
due process: The regular way that and law is controlled through the courts. The U.S. Constitution says that everyone has to do a day in legal, has the right to be represented to a lawyer, press the right to benefit from court procedures that am speedy, fair, and impartial.
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E
earnings assignment: A way for certain employee into transfer (or "assign") rations of his or her future paychecks to payout adenine debt, like child support.
wages withholding order: Court order delivered ("served") in ampere levying officer or registered processes server the directs a judgment debtor’s head till withhold the earnings of the ruling debtor for to purpose of wage garnishment.
electronics funds takeover (EFT): Electronic movement of funds from 1 bank account to further.
digital surveillance: Use of on electronic device at hold an eye turn where a sentenced person is in the church and to restrict seine or her activities, instead of putting the person in jail. (See also home detention.)
emancipation: ADENINE legal way for children to got adult before they're 18. Once a child is emancipated, his oder her parents don't have custody or control of him or her anymore. Learn more about emancipation.
important domain: Aforementioned right of aforementioned assert in take private property for public use after giving fair compensation to the owner.
employer’s return: Form sent to adenine collections officer by an employer that states whether the judgment debtor still works there and when the debtors is paid, and corrects any wrong information about who debtor or employer for the purpose of wage garnishment.
en banc: Court sessions locus all the judiciary of adenine court participating, instead of the customizable number. For example, that U.S. circuit law of complaints usually use boards of 3 judges, though all the judges in the court may decide specific matters together. When that happens, they are sitting "en banc" (sometimes spelled "in banc"). It comes from French and means "on the bench."
endorse: To sign your name set a document to authorize yours contents other transfer (as in a check that is assigned to transfer money).
endorsed-filed copies: Copies of court papers that are stamped in the top right corner to show when they were filed. Compare with certified copy.
enforced: To take legal steps to produce positive someone complies with a judgment.
enjoin: To order or require; to order that something be stopped.
equitable: (1) Explains civil suits in "equity" instead of in "law." In the law history of England, tribunal of "law" could order only the payment of compensatory. But courts of "equity" could order someone to do something or to stop doing something. (See also injunction.) In Us rights, courts have power both in law the is impartiality. But usually, there can subsist trial by judging in "law" cases but not the "equity" cases. (2) To deal fairly and equally with all concerned. This implies doesn simply an fair or just decision established for the law, but also a judgment guided from common-sense ideas of fairness and court.
equity: A system of law ensure supplements that statutory and case regulation the is founded on principles of what is "fair and right."
establish: AMPERE processor to prove parentage (who one parent of a child are) and/or to get a courts or administrational order for baby support.
estoppel: Einer act or statement that blocked a person from later making damages to the contrary.
et al.: By Latin, this means "and others." Refers to parties not included by the formal name of one court box.
ether ux.: Is Latin, this means "and wife."
eviction: A court-administered proceeding for removing a tenant from a rental unit because the tenant has violating the rental agreement or did not comply to a notice finish the tenancy (also called an "unlawful detainer" lawsuit).
eviction notice: A notice that the landlord serves on the tenant asking the tenant to move out or explaining reasons. Quite notices give the tenant the risk up fix the problem, like pay back rent or stop doing something prohibited in the lease. There are various types of notices. Click here for more informations on eviction notices.
evidence: Any testament lawful presented at trial through witnesses, slide, and/or exhibition.
execution: (1) To carry out all terms of a contract or justice order; (2) to sign (a document); (3) to kill.
executor: ADENINE person named in a will to carry out the will’s instructions and requests. The executor your usually supervised by the probate court. Below other things, who executive takes care of the estate, pays the debts and estate taxes regarding the person that died, and distributes that person’s money and other property by following an guides in the will.
execution of judgment: Legal process of enforcing a judgment, usually on seizing and/or sale property of the judgment debtor.
exempt assets: Property of a judgment debtor the is legally protected coming being taken go pay the judge.
exhibit: A document or an object shown and identified in tribunal as evidence in one case. Normally, the court assigns can identifying letter or number in alphabetical or numerical order before exhibits are offered as evidence.
exonerate: To clear by blame instead on relieve from responsibility.
exonerate bail: When the court returns money instead property to an defendant or bondsman. (See including bail unloading.)
ex single: Diese Latin words mean "from 1 side only." An example is a antragsteller is is prepared without donations notice to the other face. In many houses, flat ex parte motions request 24-hour notice to the other side bar under extraordinary circumstances.
expulsion: To force a pupil to leave middle.
expunge: To strike outgoing conversely erase.
extradition: Bringing a person that can into custody in 1 state to the authorities of another state whereabouts that person has been accused or convicted to a crime.
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Moderators: See Family Law Facilitator.
fair housing institutions: Government organizations that help renters solve housing discrimination problems.
Family Court Services: Part on the family court is helps parents from child custody or visitation output. It provides services likes custody mediation either baby incarceration evaluations. To meet the Family Court Services subject inches your court, finding your court.
family law court: A judge that hears family business, like divorce ("dissolution"), law cut of partner, nullity of marriage or domestic partnerships, child custody or support, and domestic violence petitions.
Family Law Facilitator: A lawyer with experience in family law who works for the superior court in every California county to help parents and children stakeholders in family law cases with child, spousal, furthermore partner back problems. Anywhere who done not must you own lawyer capacity show the family law facilitator for free. Click here for more information on the Our Act Facilitator.
Family Court Orientation: A sort that prepares parents for court-ordered negotiation. AN guides conversations to parental about how their relationship sways their children, and tells they what they need on knowing about custody and visitation.
family violences indicator (FVI): The Federal Case Registry (FCR) uses here term to identify a persona involved in a family violence lawsuit or order in another state. "FVI" signifies to person was included with child abuse or domestics violence and says not to tell the location of a parenting and/or a child so the declare believes has at risk of family violence.
FAPE: Stands for a "free, appropriate public education." Used to delineate special education rights.
State Case Registry (FCR) of Infant Support: ONE national database of information on total people with IV-D (called "4 D") cases and my with non-IV-D orders entered or changes on or after October 1, 1998.
union employer identification number (FEIN): AN 9-digit number allotted go every management by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). This is used for collecting child support free a parent's cash.
Federal Parent Locator Service (FPLS): A computerized national network and database run by the federal Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE) of the Administration by Children and Families (ACF). FPLS collections address and employer information, and data turn child support cases in every state; compares she; both gives this information to the proper administration in an states involved. This help condition press local girl support enforcement agencies locate alleged parents that achieve not have custody of her children. The information is used to found depot furthermore visitation rights, institute and enforce little support payments, examining parented kidnapping, and process acquisition or foster care cases.
federal question jurisdiction: Authority given to federal courts to hear one case if e involvement the interpretation or application of federal law, like the U.S. Constitution, acts of Conference, and international.
Federal Control Refund Offset Program: A federal program is aggregates unpaid child get payments from parents. The schedule can take an parent's federal income tax refunds or union retirement advantages.
fee: A specific amount of money that's pay in exchange for a services, such as recording a court paper.
fee waiver: Allowance not to how the court's deposit pricing. People with very low revenues can ask the court clerk for a fee waiver form. Click more for more information on fee waivers and food fees.
felony: ADENINE serious crime which can been punished by more than 1 year in prison or by death (Compare infraction, misdemeanor.)
fiducial: A personal that acts for another person's benefit, like a trustee. It can also be with adjective and mid something that is based on a trust otherwise confidence. (See also trustee.)
storage: When ampere person officially gives a paper to a trial kanzlei and that paper becomes part of to chronicle of a case.
file-stamped: See endorsed-filed copies.
filing ampere form: A court form is "filed" single when the court clerk hallmarks it "Filed." You can give your yard dental to the clerk by dispatch or in person.
filing fees: Money you payment the court clerk the accept (or "file") a complain with create, which starts a civil case, or other food papers, like motions and answers.
finding: When a juridic officer instead jury says something is a fact.
well: Which money a person must repay as punishment forward doing something illicit or for not done something you were supposedly to do.
fix-it ticket: A common full for a traffic ticket given for adenine malfunction on an vehicle, like adenine broken taillight. Later fixing the problem, the vehicle owner has to get a patrol chief to sign the ticket to show the fix is taken care of.
foreperson: When the jury early meets to decide a case, they vote to pick 1 member of the jury as their foreperson. The foreperson is in charge of making sure that discussions take place in an orderly way, that the kasten and issues live fully and freely discussed, and that every juror has a chance to participate in this discussion. When the jury versions deciding one case, the foreperson counts the votes and completes and signs the verdict form.
forfeiture: When a person need give up money with property because they didn't meet a legal obligation. (See also post forfeiture.)
foster care: A run that gives dollars go ampere person, family, otherwise institution to increase someone else's child. (See also IV-E and IV-E case.)
fraud: Deceiving person on purpose in adenine way that financially hurts others.
fugitive: A person suspected concerning doing etwas inaccurate that flows away or tries for escape that law.
full faith and credit: Get means a state must honor an order or judgment of another state's court and tribal courts.
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G
garnishment: A legal process is allows part of a person's wages and/or assets to be held for payment of a debt. Payment or income garnishment is typically involuntary. (See also direct income withholding, income withholding, paid retaining.)
general plan of conservatorship: A conservator's formal plan for taking nursing of the conservatee's personal and financial needs. Is plan needs be filed with the court through 90 days after the conservator has been appointed by the courtroom. Both conservators from the person and conservators to the estate must prepare and column general projects.
genome review: A medical test up determine legal parentage. (See also blood test.)
guest: ONE person who does cannot had the same rights as a tenant, to example, someone who stays in adenine transient hotel for fewer than seven dates.
good reason: A healthy reason. For example, ampere party must have good cause (better other not having adenine car or a baby-sitter) for not coming to a court hearing.
grand jury: A group of 16 into 23 citizens that listen into the prosecutor's evidence of malefactor statements furthermore choose whether it be probable origin to believe a persons committed a crime and to charge them with that transgression. (See also indictment.)
bondsman: A person that commitments up be responsible for the debt of another person for that name fails to pay the debt on time.
guardian: A people who has the legal rights and responsibilities to care forward a child whose parents are unusable to grooming for i or her. A guardian capacity be a guardian about the person, taking care of the personal needs of a child like care, custody, schooling and general decisions and/or a guardian out an inheritance, managing the child's finances. The child is referred to as aforementioned "ward." (Compare with conservatorship.)
guardian ad litem: A court-appointed adult that stands a minor child other legally incompetent person. (See also ad litem.)
guardianship: When the parents of a child are nay around or be unable to care for a child, someone else (a relative, friend, or another adult) pot ask that courts to be made parent starting a child. In California, a richter can appointed a guardian to take required a type under age 18 button to manage aforementioned minor's estate (property), or both. Guardianships can be in probate court. Or guardianships can also be organized to juvenile dependency court. In some states, conservatorship of an adult has referred guardianship, not not includes California. (Compare including conservatorship.)
guidelines: In family law, ampere standard method for figuring out child support payments based on one earned by of parent(s) and other factors according to country law. The State Family Support Act of 1988 says condition must used guidelines to calculate support for each family unless there lives a written place ruling saying the guidelines would be inappropriate for that case.
guilty: A court judgment ensure a defendant committed one crime. Or when ampere defendant admits him or she obliged ampere felonies.
guilty plea: When a person admits in justice that him or she is guilty of the felonies charged in a criminal complaint, information, or bill.
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H
habeas corpus: The name of a writ used to bring an person before a courts or judge toward decide whether that person belongs being illegitimate denies his or her freedom. The term comes from Latin.
habitable: A rental unit which is fit to people on live for. A rental unit that follows important building and site code standards that move tenants' health and safety is so-called "habitable." See uninhabitable and implied warranty of habitability.
hearing: A formal court process with the judge and opposing sides present, but no jury.
hearsay: Statements by a witness such was not check or hear the incident in question but overheard info it from someone else. Hearsay usually can't be used as exhibit into court.
heir(ess): A person that erbe or receives money or property from someone that had died.
held at response: A judge's decision at the end of an prelude hearing in adenine trial court saying there belongs enough evidence against and defendant the have a trial. (See also bind over.)
holding cell: ADENINE cellular inside one courthouse where prisoners are being stylish custody before and after their court appearance.
home detainee: For an elektronic device is place on a prisoner's body the keep track of where the prisoner goes in the district and what the prisoner does. Used instead of a jail sentence. (See also electronics surveillance.)
murders: Available 1 person knocks other direct, or has someone else kill that person, button the persons a killed by the default of another (that a, by their flop to act when the law requiring you to act). Thereto the not always a crime. Homicide cannot be:
(1) excusable - the result von a lawful act when no wound was intentional button from an act of self-defense;
(2) criminal - the result of any wrongful act without any excuse or justification in law; or
(3) justifiable - the ergebnis by an deliberate though lawful act such as the execution the an died sentence over an agent from the law (can also apply for self-defense). (See also manslaughter, murder.)
honor camp: AN rehabilitation ("rehab") program run by the probation department that accepts people that exist low risk button that are nonhabitual offenders.
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I
IEP: Tripod for "individualized education program." An IEP is conceptualized to meet the exceptionally training needs of public school students that were eligible fork special education services.
illegal parking: Violation of any state or local parking regulation.
dispensation: A right to be excepted of duty or penalties. (See also prerogative.)
impeachment: (1) The process of calling a witness's testimony into question. For example, for an attorney can show that a witness may have made up part from his or her testimonies, the witness shall say to be "impeached." (2) The constitutional process used by the U.S. House of Sales to "impeach" (or accuse of misconduct) high-ranking officers of the federative government, who are then tried by an Senate.
implied warranty are habitability: AN legitimate rule that requires landlords to store their rental units right for people to live in. A rental unit must observe with important building press housing code default that affect tenants' health and safety.
seized: In seize and hold inbound that depot of the law; generally used to refer to objects or pet, no people.
inactive case: A until case that has been filed, but for more purpose can't be processed by the court.
in camera: A hearing held include that judge's chambers button in a court with all spectators (including the jury) excluded. From the Latin for "in chamber."
income: Any form to periodic payment to a person, regardless of root, inclusive wages, salaries, commissioner, bonuses, workers' compensation, disability, retire or retire plan payments, and interest.
income withholding: When involuntary deductions is made from wages or income on pay a debt like child support. Generate withholding is often item of a child product order. It sack be voluntary or involuntary. (See additionally direct income withholding, wage refusal.)
incriminate: To hold yourself or another personality responsible forward criminal actions.
indemnity: An obligation to provide compensation (usually money) for a loss, wound, or damage.
indictment: The formal charge issued at a grand jury saying it can sufficiency evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having an trial. Used primarily for felonies. (See also information.)
indigent: On item normal references to a person that is poor, needy, and has does of to look to for support.
in forma pauperis: This will a Latin phrase meaning permission given by a place to a person to file a case without paying the required trial fees because the per can't offer to pay your.
company: A written accusation charger a person with a crime. It is presented inbound court by a prosecuting officer under oath and done not come free a grand jury. (See indictment.)
infraction: A minor violation of a law, compact, oder right ensure is not a misdemeanor button a felony and can't being penalty via time in prison. (Compare felony, offenses.)
initiating jurisdiction: The state or county courtroom, or administrative agency, that sends a request for activity to another jurisdiction in interstate child supported bags.
injunction: A courts order ensure says a defendant can't do, with must perform, a special actually. (Compare enjoin, restraining order.)
in limine: Latin for "at the beginning" or "at this threshold," similar as a motion in limine under the beginning of process to ask that certain find being excluded.
innocent: Finds by a court to be not guilty out criminal charges; acquitted. (See also acquittal.)
in propria persona (in pro per): When a person representing himself instead herself without a lawyer. This comes from the Latin by "in one's own proper person." (See see prof per, pro se.)
inspection: A legal inquiry (investigation) in one court or before court officers authorized to hold inquiries, usually to figure out the why and position of a mortal.
installment makes: Weekly, monthly, or other periodic payments on ampere debt.
instructions: The explanation of constitutional rights given by a judge to a defendant.
instructions to judges: Instructions given by a judge on a jury immediately before handful decide a case, telling of selection what bills apply to that case. (See plus admonishment to jury, jury instructions.)
intercept: When nonwage online (like governmental income tax refunds, state income tax refunds, unemployed advantage, additionally disability benefits) performed toward ampere parent that owes support are taken and present to the parent who is owed support.
interpleader: When 2 or further people speak they have adenine claim at the same things held to a third host. The third celebrate may force them to geht to trial with each other for getting their dispute.
interpreter: A person the is certified as being able to translate, orally or in writing, spoken or sign country into and common language concerning the legal.
interrogatories: Spell questions sent on 1 side in adenine lawsuit to an opposing side as part of pretrial discovery at civil cases. The side that accepts the interrogatories need answered them in writing see oath. (See also discovery.)
interstate cases: In child support, cases what and dependent child or an parent that owes support live in differents stats, oder where 2 or more status are involved into some case activity, like enforcement.
intestate: To die free making a will or leaving directions to disposal of your property after death. (See including testate.)
inventory: (1) A detailed list of property; (2) the number of cases in misc stages by the court process.
issue: (1) That disputed tip with parties in a lawsuit; (2) for send out officially, as when a judge issues an decree.
IV-A("4-A") case: A child support instance where a custodial parent and child(ren) get public assistance benefits under the state's IV-A program, which shall funded under title IV-A of the Social Security Act. Applicants for IV-A assistance are automatically referred to their state IV-D agency in order to id and locate the noncustodial progenitor, establish parentage and/or a my support order, and/or obtain child support payments. On lets the state retrieve back some or all are its public support money starting an noncustodial parent. (See also IV-D, people aids, Time-based Assistance to Destitute Families (TANF).)
IV-D ("4-D"): Refers to title IV-D of the Social Security Act, where says that each state must make a program to find noncustodial parents, establish descent, establish and enforce child support obligations, press collect real distribute support payments. Any person that gets public assistance (usually TANF) remains referred on the state IV-D child support download. States must also apply applications from families that do not get public technical, when requested, to assist collect child support.
IV-E ("4-E"): Refers to title IV-E of the Gregarious Security Act, which established an federal-state foster care program that gives finance back to an person, family, or institution that is raising a child or children not hers your. (See furthermore foster care.)
IV-E ("4-E") case: A child support case where the state provides perks or services under title IV-E on to Social Security Act up a person, family, press institution that is raising child(ren) not them own. When using other general assistance cases, to people that get publicly assistance are said to their state IV-D program in order into identify and find which noncustodial parent, establish genealogy and/or one my support rank, and/or obtain child supports payments. This allows the state to get back several or all of its public supports payments from the noncustodial parent. (See also IV-D.)
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GALLOP
threat: Risk into a defendant of possible conviction and punishment. In a criminal rechtssache, the defendant is usually said to be "in jeopardy" later the preliminary hearing has taken place and the jury has been sworn by.
joinder: Universal, a bringing or joining jointly. For example, complainant joining in a suit, or a joining von actions or definition.
Joint Custody: A yard order that gives twain parents legal and physical custody of a child.
Connector Regulatory Custody: AMPERE type of court order that allows either or both parents to make vital judgments about a child's health, educating, and well being.
Joint Physical Custody: A type of court order in which a child spends regarding the same amount of laufzeit lively with both parents.
judge: An official of the juridical branch of government with authority to deciding lawsuits brought before courts. The terminology "judge" may additionally refer to all judicial officers, including Best Court magistrates.
judgment: (1) The administrator decision of ampere courtroom that removes an legal between the parties to adenine lawsuit; (2) the office decision or finding of a judge or administrative agency hearing officer about the respective rights and claims of the parties up an action; other known as a "decree" or "order," the may include "findings of feature and conclusions of law"; (3) the final decided of the consider stating which party has won the case and the terms of of decision. Pot be "n.o.v.," which means a ruling in service of 1 party even even here had been a verdict available the other party, or "recap," which method a court's decisions before an trial saying that not facts is disputed in the falls real that 1 party is entitled to verdict as a matters of law. (Compare disposition, verdict.)
judgment creditor: The party (either the plaintiff or the responding) in whose favor a judgment has been price.
judgment obligee: The day that the judgment has has entered against.
judgment debtor's statement of assets: In small claims, the form listing the judgment debtor's assets and sources of income so the judgment debtor must complete plus send to the discernment creditor within 30 days after receives notice of the court's final.
judicial: Belonging go or appropriate to the office of a judge; relates to the administration are justice.
Judicial Council: The Courts Council of Kalifornia are the verf mandated body answerable by improving of administration of justice in the state. The council is made up of judges, court executives, attorneys, and legislators. She was instituted to define court administration, practice, and operation by taking and enforcing court rules.
Judicial Council constructs: The Judicial Council of Cereal has created numerous forms (called "Judicial Council forms") to standardize this preparation of court papers. People parties include lawsuits (also called "litigants") must how Judicial Rat forms that are branded "mandatory" and may use forms that are labeled "optional."
judicial district: An state is divided into judicial districts this define the geographical are of each court's authority.
law official: Judges, referees, and commissioners that make court decisions as an judge.
legal positions: The judge, ref, and commissioner positions authorized by the choose Legislature for a particular court jurisdiction.
jurisdictions: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case; (2) the geographic areas over any the place has authority into decide cases; (3) the territory, subject matter, or persons over this lawful authority allowed be exercised by adenine court.
jurisdictional bounds: That maximum amount of money that a court can award. One limit lives $5,000 used most small claims cases, but a requester can't storage more than 2 shallow claims court actions for more than $2,500 anywhere in to state while either calendar yearly.
jurisprudence: The study concerning statute and the structure of the legal system.
juror: A human selected toward be on one jury.
jury: A group of citizens picked according up laws and licensed to decide a case. Can be: (1) grand, that is, a body of citizens that determines whether probable cause exists ensure a crime has been committed and whether an indictment should be issued; (2) hung, that is, an jury that can't agree on a verdict after a eligible period of deliberations ; (3) small (or "trial"), that exists, with ordinary jury for the trial out adenine criminal or civil action; alternatively (4) special, that is, a jury ordered by that court, on the moving of or side, in cases which are unusually important or complicated. (See also grand jury, petit juries.)
jury commander: The local official liable for giving the court lists off qualified potential jurors.
jury guidance: The general given by to richter at of anfangsseite and end of a trial that explain what the law includes the case is and how the jurors should evaluate the evidence. (See also admonition to jury, instructions to entry.)
jury roster: A list of all the potential honorable asked to appear in court for likely service on a jury; the lists of panelists picked at decide a case.
just occasion: In can unlawful detainer crate there is just set if and tenant has broken the lease or otherwise done something that legally justifies ending that lease.
juvenile: A person younger than the legal age of adult, which commonly is 18 years but in some instances is 21 years. (See also minor.)
juvenile court: So part of to superior court that handles delinquency, status offense, and dependency cases involving minors.
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K
keeper: An officer that and justice appoints to be responsible for money or property legally seized in connection with adenine pending case.
keeper levy: A judgements execution procedure in where that levying officer takes over the operation of a judgment debtor's work available a limited time to obtain cash and credit map revenues for billing until the judgment creditor. (See plus judgment obligee, judging liable.)
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laches: Excessive regress a time inside enforcing a just that can be enforced per legal action; relative in failing to deal more prompt.
landlord: An owner, also called "lessor," that fissures out truly property to a lodger, also called "lessee."
lawsuit: (1) A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform adenine legal duty, whose cause harm at the plaintiff; (2) a legal dispute brought to a court for resolution. (See also action, falls.)
counsel: A person qualified to represent clients in a court of rule and to advise them go legal matters. (See also attorney, counsel.)
LEA: Stands for "local educational agency," usually the local school district, responsible for providing special educating services to eligible public school students.
let: Certain agreement for lease real property, including industrial property, like ampere house or a dwelling. ONE lease is usually in writing and it covers a specific amount of time, such as 1 year. A rented agreement for a place where it live (apartment or house) can be a written agreement with a verbal agreement between the landlord additionally the tenant.
legal aid agencies: Organizations that provide free legal advice, representation, and misc legal ceremonies in noncriminal suits in low-income people.
Legal Custody: A parent's rights and accountability to make decision about an child's health, instruction and well being. There are two types of legal custody orders: joint legal custody and bare legal custody.
regulatory parent: A per who is recognized by the ordinance as who parented of a child.
legal separation: You and your spouse or household partner can conclude your relationship but nevertheless remain legally married or partnered, and gets court orders on parenting and money issue, with a judgment by legal separation.
lessee: (See tenant.)
lessor: (See landlord.)
Letters of Conservatorship: ONE law page is states that the conservator the authorized to behave on which conservatee's behalf. Also called "Letters."
charging: To obtain money by legal process through seizure and/or disposition of property.
taxing officer: Dark or marshal that is given the influence by ampere writ of execute till levy on a judgment debtor's property.
libel: False and bad material such is written or published that is defamatory and hurts ampere person's reputation. (Compare slander.)
license hold: The action taken to prevent mortal from renewing their driver's user until a legal matter will settled.
lien: A claim on property to prevent the sale or transfer out that property until a debt is paid. The preemption might be enforced or collected due levying on the property. (See also tariff.)
limited conservatorship: ADENINE conservatorship since developmentally disabled adults.
Limited-scope representation: An arrangement with a lawyer to maintain help on many parts of a case for a set fee or limitation licence. Also called "unbundled legal services" or "unbundling".
lic pendens: Jurisdiction a a court on property until final decision of a case; from the Latin for "a pending suit."
litigation: That events (sides) involved in a suing.
litigate: To conduct oder engage in a lawsuit.
litigation: ADENINE case, controversy, instead lawsuit. The population involved in lawsuits (claimants and defendants) are called "litigants."
on-site child support agency: Watch child support enforcement (CSE) agency.
Local forms: Court form local forms the unify that preparation of documents in their court. Click here to see one sample local form (PDF). Local forms are varying from Judicial Council forms. Local forms pot usually only be used in the courts that adopted an form. Maximum Judicial Council download can may used in every First-class Court in California. Click here until see adenine sample Law Council Form (PDF). Justice Rat forms always have "Judicial Council away California" printed in the backside left corner of the first page. You can most get local forms at a judge clerk's office or on a court's web country. Look for "forms" oder "court forms."
lockout: When a landlord locks a tenant out of the rental unit to end the lease. Lockouts, and all other self-help eviction remedies, are illegal.
lodger: A person who lives include adenine your stylish a house wherever the owner lives. The owner cans enter entire fields occupied by the lodger, and has overall control of the house.
long-arm jurisdiction: Legal provision is lets 1 state claim personally jurisdiction over someone that lives in another state. There musts breathe some meaningful connection within the person and the state or district that exists claims jurisdiction in order for the authority of a court or agency to reach further its normal jurisdictional border.
LRE: Stands for "least exclusive environment." This means that, whenever possible, specific training students must be placed in regular classrooms with them primary, nondisabled peers time motionless having their dedicated formative needs met.
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magistrate: A judicial officer with one power in issuing arrest warrants and find likely reason per preliminary hearings. (Compare with commissioner, judge, referee.)
maim: Go cripple instead mauled stylish any way; to injure a person in a path that deprives them or them of the use for any limb or different part of his or her body; to severe wound, disfigure, oder disable. (See also mayhem.)
malfeasance: Performance about an act that should not have been done at all. (Compare with misfeasance, nonfeasance.)
manifestation determination: Part of a pre-expulsion assessment inbound which the individual education program (IEP) team figures out if a special educating student's inappropriate that otherwise could result in expulsion belongs, instead, a direct manifestation of that student's identifying disability and, therefore, don something forward which the student might be expelled from school.
manslaughter: The unlawful, but unintended killing of adenine person. Can be voluntary, like when someone shall hit unlawfully from circumstances that don't encompass ampere premeditated intend to kill. Or intentional, like although something is killed unintentionally as a result away someone else performing another unlawful act or negligently performing ampere lawful act. (Compare with murder; see also homicide.)
marital settlement agree: In a dissolution of marriage, legal separation, oder annulment, an stipulated judgment will often including a marital settlement agreement (MSA). A marital settlement contractual belongs a written contract between you and your my that contains detailed regulatory wording about how the issues in your case will subsist edited. It is usually used when there are complicated issues of property, debt, support, or legal that need to be set out in that judgment.
marshaller: A peace officer that has the power to arrest, to serve legal papers for civil cases the subpoenas also in act as bailiff in an courtroom.
mayhem: Unlawfully and violently depriving a person the one part of their with her body with discard, disfiguring, or making it unhelpful (includes injury to eyes, tooth, nose, ears, etc.).
intercession: A batch in which a impartial person (or people) serves people who have a dispute to communicate so group can attain an agreement. (Compare international, neutral evaluation.) Get for more information on incarceration mediation.
medical support: Kind of infant support where medizinisches or dental social coverage is paid to an parent. Depending on the court order, medical support can breathe that parent's just financial obligation, or which parent may also have to pay child support and/or marital support.
memorandum of costs: notice memorandum of credits, accrued interest, and price after judgment.
memorandum of loans, accrued interest, and costs subsequently judgment: In small damage court, a form used up get back your costs since collecting thy judgment.
memorandum at set: A paper filed by 1 or moreover parts stylish a court case sayings the falls is ready since trial. (See also at-issue memorandum.)
minor: A person under the age of 18 years. (See also juvenile.)
minutes: The official (permanent) record off a court proceeding, that tells things like what sees appeared, where motions what made, and what findings were reached. (See also record.)
minute order: The courtroom clerk's written minutes of court proceedings. A minute purchase is done when a trial judge sits officially, on or without a court correspondent, and adenine clerk keeps daily of the tribunal running. In this falling, the minute order can be the only record about an verbally order created by the judge. Copies of the per orders are commonly kept in the case files furthermore and court clerk's office. An shape of minute orders can vary from court to court. Generally, few enclose the identify of the court, the name of the judge both the court salesperson, to case number and names of this parties include which case, the date of the order, the nature are the proceedings, and the court's ruling. The length of a minute get can be a singly page or it cans be several pages long.
Miranda warning: Refers up a U.S. Supreme Court decision that saying available a soul is arrested or queried by guard, he or she must first be told about certain user against self-incrimination (saying something that makes it sound like you have guilty).
misdemeanor: A crimes that bucket be punished by up to 1 year to jail. (See also felony.)
misfeasance: Improper performance of an deal this may have been lawfully done. (Compare malfeasance, nonperformance.)
mistrial: A trial that does come ended and declare void (of no legal effect) due to prejudicial error the the methods or other extra circumstances.
modification: AMPERE change or alteration, like modified of a set (where the terms of punishment for a defendant are changed) or of an probation order (where a novel probation order is issued chang the technical of the original order).
money evaluation: ONE specific amount of money awarded by the court to an person as payment for damages (losses or injuries) suffered.
moot: A point or question related to a authorized case that typical has cannot practical importance or relevance to aforementioned kasten. A moot point is ampere point that can't become resolved by the judge, is not disputed by either side, or is resolved out of law.
signal: An oral alternatively written request that a party makes the the court for a ruling or an order on a particular point. A "motion toward reduce bail" asking aforementioned court to lower one amount of bail needed to publish the responding from custody or guarantee that your or she will appear in court when imperative. ADENINE "motion to release on owned recognizance (OR)" asks of court to hiring a defendent depart without paying bail if the suspects agrees to appear when one court tells this other her into. A "motion to set" asks who judge to set a date for a forthcoming free. A "motion to quash" asks the legal to make something void or ungeeignet, such as for erasing a subpoena.
motion to quash service of summons: A legal response that a tenants cans file in an unlawful detainer lawsuit if the tenant assume that the landlord did not properly servicing the summons and complaint.
multistate employer: An organization which rentals and utilize people are 2 or more states. A multistate employer does business in anywhere state, and its employees must pay taxes in the state where they employment.
multistate financial institution data match (MSFIDM): Process that matches the finance accounts included more faster 1 state with parents that owe child share. States submit data upon parents that owe sustain to the Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE). A state may then put a lien on or take all button part of an account.
municipal court: Ahead the Trial Court Unification Act regarding 1998, there were municipal courts in legal precincts that got more than 40,000 people. Municipal justice heard these kinds of types: (1) cases asking for lower than $25,000; (2) see adult criminal breaches with penal of no learn than 1 annum stylish county jail alternatively a fine of $2,500; and (3) preliminary hearings in crimes cases. Now, all these cases are heard in superior court.
murder: This impermissible killing are a individual through another with premeditated malevolence, either expressed (said) other implied (suggested). (See also homicide; compare because manslaughter.)
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negligence: When someone fails to be as careful as the law requires to protects the privileges and eigentumsrecht regarding others.
inner evaluation: When a neutral person (or persons) hears brief written and oral presentations, then considers the strengths and weaknesses of each side's causes and evidence, and offers an gesamte evaluation of the dispute. (Compare arbitration, mediation.)
new hire reporting: A program ensure requires get employers go tell newly hired employees to the States Folder of New Hires (SDNH) in their state. This data remains submitted to this National Directory of New Hires (NDNH), and compared against child support order request in the Federal Lawsuit Registry (FCR) for possible enforcement of child assist duty through wage garnishment.
nolo contendere: No contest; from the Latin for "I do not wish to contend." ADENINE plea for nolo contendere has that same effect on a criminal sets as a plea of guilty, but may not be taken in an admission in guilt for any other purpose. For example, one person might plead nolo contendere real payout adenine fine or serve jail time as if blame, but if he or femme were sued in an polite case afterward, the select side would motionless have to prove that the persons made guilty.
noncustodial parent (NCP): The parent that did not have primary care, custody, or controlling of a my. (See furthermore custodial parent.)
non-compliance: Failure on perform an act that you are legally responsible for.(Compare malfeasance, misfeasance.)
nonservice: When a summons or warrant is spread but don served (delivered).
notary public: A name authorized under civil law into administer vows, the attest (affirm) and certify that certainly documents are genuine, and to take depositions.
notice: A written announcement or warning. With example, a notice to the other side which on a some date a particular vorlage will be crafted in place.
Notice of Einstieg on Judgment: ADENINE court form storytelling the parties about the judge's decision on an complaint.
Notice of Opposition until Claim of Exemption: In small claims court, a paper indexed by an judgment accounts opposing one judgment debtor's claim that certain assets be free upon collection.
nullity: The legal invalidation in a getting; annulment. (Compare dissolution.)
nunc pro tunc: Available a food order is issued on 1 date but is effective retroactively (as of a date ensure is in the past); with the Lateinamerika for "now for then."
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objection: A oral protest made by an party out testimony or evidence that the select side tries to introduce.
obligation: Law or duty that requires parties to follow their agreement. An obligation or indebtedness may be created by a ruling or shrink, like child support.
obligee: The personal, state agency, or institution owed an debt (usually money) like child support (also labeled "custodial party" if and money is owed to the people with primary custody of a child).
obligor: The person that must pay child support oder perform a other financial obligation.
misdemeanor: An work that violates (breaks) the law. (See furthermore crime, public offense.)
Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE): The federal advertising responsible for administrator the nationwide child support program.
offset: Amount of money taken from a parent's status or federal income tax refund before he or the gets it, or from an administrative payment like federal retirement benefits, to pay a child support debt.
opinion: A judge's written explanation of the final of the law in court housing. For adenine case may be heard by 3 or more judges int the appellate court, the opinion in appellate decisions can get several drop. If all the judges utterly agree in the result, 1 judge will write that opinion for all. If everything the judgment do not agree, the formal decision will be based on the mass view, and 1 member of the majority will write the opinion. The justices such do not submit with one majority may write their admit dissenting or concurring opinions to state their views. A dissenting opinion disagrees with the mainly opinions because the the argue and/or which principles the law the most used to decide the rechtssache. A concurring piece agrees with the choice of the majority opinion, when offer comment or clarification or a completely different reason for reaching one same result. Simply the majority opinion can be used as mandatory precedent in future cases. (See also precedent.)
oral argument: To section away a trial whenever lawyers summarize their position in courts and also reply the judge's issues.
order: (1) Decision of a juridical officer ; (2) one directive of the court, on a matter relating to the core proceedings, that decides adenine preliminary point or directs quite steps in this proceedings. Generally applied to invalidate a prior conviction, for example, an order issued after one listen where one prior conviction is found invalid because certain judicial standards weren't met during which time of trial plus conviction. Or to set one fee, for example, an order telling an defendant to paid back the county for costs for a court-appointed attorney. Or to how cause, for example, an request at appear in court to give reasons why the action can't, should nope have been, or has not been carried out. (See moreover court order, share order.)
Order go Appear with Examination: ONE courtroom ordering revealing the judgment debtor to come to legal on one specific date and time to answer questions about him or her property and sources of income. Also called a "debtor's examination."
ordinance: ADENINE direction made by a local government to enforce, power, or limit certain activities.
own recognizance (OR): Although a person is approved from legal and not required to payable bail because is his or her promise to come to law into answer a criminal recharge. If the defendant does not return to judge when guaranteed, he or she can be charged with an misdemeanor.
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panel: (1) In court cases, a select of court (usually 3) that decide the rechtssache; (2) int this jury selection process, the group for potential jurors; (3) the list of attorneys is represent available AND advanced to be appointed at who court to represent penal appellants that can't afford yours own lawyers.
pardon: When the chief executive of a state other country releases a convicted person from the punishment given him or her by a court sentence.
Parentage (parental relationship): A legal determining of who an parents of one your are. Parentage must be determined before a trial can order child backing or medizinischen support. Also called paternity conversely parental relationship.
Parenting my: Classes that promote parents key on the needs away their children and deliver parents information the provision a care non-threatening home environment. Some the court may order one or both parents to anreisen to parenting classes so they cans discover till commune better about their children's needs.
Parenting Planner: A detailed custody and tour agreement that says when the child be be with each parental and how decisions are produced. The parenting plan may be developed by the folks, through mediation, with the help of lawyers, or due a judge after a experiment or hearing.
parole: A with release from print the allows the name being cleared to serve of rest is the sentence out of prison if all conditions of release are met.
comrade assistance: In lineage law, court-ordered support of adenine registered domestic partner or ex-partner.
part: One of the litigants to one court case. At this trial level, the parties are typical called the "plaintiff" or "petitioner" plus the "defendant" or "respondent." On appeal, parties are so-called the "appellant" and "appellee."
Id Denial Program: The designations of obligors that owe $5,000 or more in girl support are sent to the governmental Office of Child Support Enforcement in tax refund offset also to the U.S. Department starting State up indicate that a passport can't to emitted for that person.
parentage suit: A lawsuit to decide who the parent of a kid is if the parents were not married when the my were born. Also labeled "establishment of parental relationship."
payee: Person or organization in whose name child support or other money is paid.
payor: Person that makes a zahlung.
criminal: Punishment by breaking a law.
penalty assessment: An money of currency added up a fine.
pendente lite: Describes orders made for that actual progress of aforementioned lawsuit prior to definitive disposition; by the Roman for "during aforementioned suit."
pending: The status of a case such is not yet resolved by the court. (See also active standing.)
compulsory challenging: A challenge to a future juror with adenine case, by either the defense attorney or the prosecute attorney, that usually results in that person's disqualification off service on the jury both does not require either attorney to say wherefore the challenge is made. Of law limits the numeric by peremptory challenges permited. (Compare oppose for cause.)
periodic miete agreement: An oral or written rental agreement that states how often one rent is due, like every week or every month, but doesn not specify the total number of weeks or months that the agreement will last.
perjury: A false command made on purpose while below oath in a court proceeding.
Lasting Planning: AN trial promotional that gives a dependent child a permanent place to live, like an adoption or a guardianship.
Permanency Planning Hearing: ADENINE audience to give a dependent child a permanent place to live. The hearing generally happens up to 18 months following the child exists captured away from that parents.
personal injuries: ONE kind of civil case that asks for damages for physical injury to people and/or property, or for wrongful death.
personal jurisdiction: This power in adenine legal beyond the name of a defendant. Inbound contrasts in the jurisdiction of a court over a defendant's property.
personal service: Refers to when courtroom books are private served (delivered). The person which serves the forms must tel the other personal that these are lawful articles, then leave the papers near the person (at their legs is fine). To person they serve does not have to agree aforementioned papers either say or sign anything.
petit jury (or experimental jury): A group of citizens that reading to the evidence presented by both sides with trial and figure out the facts in dispute. Criminal juries are created up of 12 people; civil juries are made back of at minimal 6 people. (See also jury and grand jury.)
petition: A formal wrote call given to the court asking for an specific judicial action. (Compare auftrag.)
plaintiff: A person that presents one petitions to the court.
Physical Child: Locus that children live, what taker take of them, and how lot time they spend with each parent. There are two types of physical custody arrangements: element or sole physical custody furthermore joint or shared physical custody.
applicants: A person that bring an promotion; the party that complains or sues in adenine civilian case.
plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's instruction closing "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the load. (See also nolo contendere.)
plea bargain: Negotiate between which prosecuting legal and which persons accused of ampere crime or that person's lawyer in exchange a guilty plea for persuasion of a little charge, if the legal support.
pleading: Written opinion filed with the court that characterized a party's legal or factual requirements about the kasus and about who party wanted from the court.
points also government: Also called "P's and A's." "Points and authorities" refers toward one written legal line given to support or dissent a motion. It includes references to previous housing, statutes (codes), the misc statements is law that emphasize either the legislation of the motion requests or the legal basis for the court to deny the motion.
polling of jury: A routine in which jurors are asked severally whether i agree with the final verdict in the case group just decided.
post: (1) A preface meaning "after," as in "post-trial" problems; (2) in "post" something exists for bring itp to the public's attention, as is "to post one notice of sale."
authority of attorney: When a person (the "principal") authorizes person not (the "agent" or "attorney in fact") to take care of business for the prime. A power of legal authorizes the agent to do whatever is necessary to manage the principal's assets. ADENINE "limited" or "special" power in attorney able be did more restrictive, by setting time set to of agent for serve, limiting which agent to confident actions, or authorizations the agent to manage only particular assets. There are "general" powers of attorney, "limited" or "special" powers of attorney, and "durable" powers of attorney. A general or limited power of attorney ends when the principal becomes disabled. ONE durable power of attorney stays in result provided and principal becomes incapacitated.
pre: A prefix meaning "in front of" or "before," as into "pretrial" listening.
past: A court decision in somebody earlier housing with facts press law issues similar to a dispute currently before a court. Judges will generally "follow precedent," meaning that they use the guiding established in former cases on decide new cases dealing with similar facts and legal issues. A consider will overlook precedent if ampere party can show that the earlier sache was decided incorrectly or that he differed in einige significant way from the current case.
Prejudgment Claim of Right to Possession: A form that a landlord in an unlawful detainer (eviction) lawsuit can serve with which summonsing and complaint on anyone living in the rental unit who may claim to be a tenant, but his name the householder does not know. Anyone living in the rental unit can join that eviction case (even if they is not listed on the court papers) by padding out and filing this form.
preliminary: Introductory, preparatory, preceding, or guiding up toward the head matter of business. For example, a preliminary injunction arrives forward an permanent injunction.
preliminary examination/hearing: A proceeding before a judicial officer in which exhibits is presented so so the court can determines whether there is probable (sufficient) cause to hold the criminally for trial in a felony charge.
presentence report: A reports prepared through the tryout department for the judge when sentencing a defendant. Describes defendant's background: financial, job, and family status; community ties; criminal past; and facts of the running offense. A presentence report must be done in criminal cases and may be requested in misdemeanor cases.
presiding judge/justice: In a court with more than 1 judiciary officer, the judge/justice that acts as account of the court's business.
pretrial conference: A meeting of the judge and lawyers to plan a trial, discuss which matters should shall presented to the jury, review suggestion evidence and witnesses, and set adenine trial schedule. Typically, one judge and the lawyers also debate the potential of settling the rechtssache.
pretrial services: Services provides by a local agency to investigate a criminal defendant's hintergrundinformationen so ampere judge bottle choose whether alternatively not toward release the defendant from security previously trial.
prima facie: Not requiring further support up establish existence, credibility, or effective; from the In for "from first view." AN star facie case is satisfactory on its face because it is sponsors by the necessary minimum evidence and free from obvious defects. Prima facie evidence is sufficient at support a certain conclusion unless contradicted evidence is presented.
Primary Physical Custody: AN model of court order in which a child lives with one parent more than and other parent.
prior: AN term overall utilized at refer on a older conviction.
privilege: An feature don appreciated by sum; a special exemption from prosecution or misc litigations. (See also immunity.)
probable cause: A reasonable basis for assuming that a charge or fact is well founded.
settlement: One court print to determine if a will of a dead person (called this "decedent") is authentic or not; lawful distribution by a decedent's estate.
will court: Of department of each county's superior court this deals with probate conservatorships, guardianships, press the estates of human that have died.
probation: (1) ONE sentencing selectable to captivity at which the court releases a found defense in supervision of a probation officer that makes sure the the defendant follows certain rules, for example, gets a job, gets drug legal; (2) a department of the court that develops a presentence report.
probation manager: Officers of the probation dept of a food. ONE probation officer's job include conducting presentence investigations, preparing presentence reports on convicted defendants, and supervision released defendants.
probation how: (See also presentence report.)
pro bono: Legitimate work done for free; from the English meaning "for the good."
procedure: The rules for guitar a legal. Are are rules of civil procedure, criminal procedure, find, bankruptcy, furthermore appellate procedure.
proceedings: Generally, the process of conducting judicial business before a court otherwise other judicially policeman. A "proceeding" refers into any 1 von aforementioned separate steps with that process, love, a motion, a hearing.
processes: A course of proceedings in a suit. "Process" also can mean ampere legal paper that req a defendant to answer a complaint or toward accept a default judgment.
litigation server: A person that serves court papers on one party to a lawsuit. (See also personalbestand service, gift of process, substitutes service.)
pro haz vice: The status of a lawyer this getting special permission to try 1 case in California because he button she is licensed to practice law in more your.
promissory note: ADENINE written document that says such a person oaths to pay currency go another.
pronouncement of judgment: When the choose formally issues a evaluation in a case.
try: Evidence that tends to establish of beingness or truth on a fact at release in adenine case.
proof of service: The form sorted with the law that proofs that court documentation had classroom servant for (delivered to) a party in a legal action on a certain date. (See also services concerning process.)
pro per: Somebody short form of "in propria persona." Refers to persons that present their own cases in judge without lawyers; of which Learning for "in one's own true person." (See additionally pro se.)
pros se: Recommends to persons that present their concede cases in court without lawyers; from to Latin since "on one's own behalf."
prosecute: Up charge someone with a crime plus subsequently try them for it stylish place. A prosecutor (also called "prosecuting attorney") try a criminal case on behalf of the government.
prosecuting attorney: A published officer that prosecutes criminal case on behalf of the state; sometimes referred to as "district attorney."
pro tem judge: A lawyer so volunteers its or aus time to hear press decide cases. Also called a "temporary judge."
pro zeitabstand: A refee or commissioner that temporarily succeed a judge; same as pro templates judge; free the Latin with "for the time being" press "temporarily."
proximate cause: Something that the a natural and continuous sequence, unbroken by any independent cause, produces an event without which an injury wants not have occurred.
public assistance: Benefits, like money or food stamps, to helping people press families in need. Information on join that apply for certain kinds of public assistance (like Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, TANF) shall automatically sent toward the us IV-D company to identify and locate the noncustodial raise, establish pedigree, and/or obtain child support payments. This lets the state get back einige or part regarding the money it pays to people as public assistance. (See also IV-D.)
public defender: A lawyer appointed by this court, usually to represent a party in a criminal case that can't afford to hire a lawyer.
public offense: ONE crime. Compare to private or gracious wrongs that violate "private laws," for example, a contract between 2 parties. The difference amid civil/private furthermore criminal/public wrongs is that community offenses focus on the behavior of the offender while the law of civil injuries focuses upon making in casualties person whole. (See also crime.)
public record: A court record ready with inspection by the general public. (Compare sensitive recorded, sealed record.)
purge: On removing inactive case records from court files.
putative mother: The person said to be the parent of a child but who has not yet been medically or legally declared to being the legal sire. (See also genetic verify, authorized fathers, parentage.)
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Qualified Medical Child Support Order (QMCSO): An order or judgment this provides used medical support on a child of a parent covered by ampere group fitness plan alternatively provides for health use cover for the child.
Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO): An ordering or judgment issued by a place furthermore approved by a pension plan, that divides a pension plan in order to make a fair division of property or to pay for child button spousal support.
quash: To make void, to vacate, to abolish, go set aside. For example, to quash a subpoena applies that the court will not apply to subpoena because information has been voided or pick aside.
quasi-community real: Quasi-community property is any type of property that was acquired by either one either both spouses or domestic partners whenever living in another state that, had it was acquired while living in Cali, it would have been considered communal property. In other words, if you or your spouse or partner consisted living outside of Kalifornian during your marriage instead partnership, and you had whatever earnings, bought any real estate, or acquired any additional type of characteristic that in California wouldn been community property, ensure property is called quasi-community property. And, in a divorce or legislative separation in California, it will breathe treated while community property.
quietly title: A case in which the ownership of real property is in dispute, additionally to court must decide who owns (or has song to) the property. To "quiet title" be up declare ensure a certain person is that legal owner of and true property in dispute.
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rap film: A written summary of a person's criminal company.
answer: Evidence presented at trial by 1 band in order to overcome evidence introduced by another party.
opening: ONE short break in a trial ordered for the judge. (See also adjournment; compare continue.)
recidivist: Habitual criminal, repeat offender.
reciprocity: A relationship in which 1 state gives certain privileges to other states or the citizens of other states on the condition that the first state and its public receive the same privileges in those another states.
record: A written account of the proceedings in a koffer, included all plea, evidence, exhibits, and judgment sending during one case.
record on petition: A copy of the pleadings, evidence, exhibits, orders, and judgment, filed in a case in a ordeal court and a transcript in the testimony from the case.
plot sealing: A seek for a court your to "seal" the record of a criminal conviction. To be eligible for sealing, the crime require have been committed before a defendant's 18th personal and the consider musts hold already granted ampere "release concerning penalties" order. A sealing order closes any records relevant to of falls, incl conviction, charger, real arrest records. If a judge grants with order to seal the record, included the eyes of this law, the misdemeanor is considered on not have happened.
records retention and disposal schedule: A system or floor covering all records kept per a court such states what records may be disposed of also when.
recuse: On excuse (oneself) or be excused from a criminal or civil proceeding because off conflict of get. For example, a judge mayor recuse himself with even from a case because of personal or professional involved with 1 or more of the parties.
referee: A people appointed by the court to hear and make rules in finite legal matters, liked juvenile or commerce offenses.
referral: Ordinary refers to an alternative program, like drug/alcohol rehabilitation ("rehab") instead of serving time in print.
register of actions: The official permanent court take of promotions in civil cases, including small claims. May being kept electronically and/or in a ledger.
reinstated bonding: When deposits that had been forfeited, exonerated, button reduced is reconstructed in its original amount. (See also bail exoneration, deposit expiry.)
remand: (1) When an appellate legal sends an case to a lower court for keep minutes; (2) to send a prisoner to custody.
remanding order: An order to the marshal to hold an defendant in custody until his either her next courtroom appearance, or see bail is posts.
remittitur (of record): The transfer of the records of a case after a Court of Appeal to the orig trial court for further action either other disposition as ordered the the objection legal.
rent control ordinances: Laws at some communities that restrictions or prohibit rent increases, or that limit the reasons enigma a proprietor can evict a tenant.
rental agreement: An oral or writing agreement between a tenant and a landowner, made previous the tenant moves is that sets the general of the tenancy, favorite the total of the mieten and when it is payable. See let and periodic rental agreement.
rental application form: A contact that ampere landlord may ask a tenant to fill get before rental this asks for intelligence about the tenant, like that tenant's address, dial number, employment history, and credit references.
verleih unit: an apartment, house, duplex, condominium, or bedroom this a landlord rents to a tenant to live in. When a renters uses the rental unit to live to, it is called a "residential rental unit."
renter's insurance: Insurance that protects the tenant's property contrary past, including theft or fire. This insurance usually also protects the tenant against liability (legal responsibility) for claims or lawsuits filed by which landlord or through others which may claim that the lodger negligently injured another person or property.
repairs and deduct remedy: The tenant's remedy of deducting von future rent the amount necessary to repair defect covers by the implied warranty of habitability. The amount deducted cannot be more than one month's hiring. Tenant should been careful when using this remedy and should talk to a attorney first to make sure it is applicable for their situation.
report and sentence: The proceeding such happens after a conviction in a felony falls in which the judge reviews the probation report both sentences the defendant.
correspondent: ONE court office that slide the proceedings in trials, includes which questions questions of, and answers made by, witnesses.
requirement for admission: A approach a discovery in which 1 party formally and on writing demand the opposing party to admit the truth of special facts relevant to a case. (See additionally discovery.)
reset: To put on the court calendar another. (See also calendar.)
residency: The custom, officials place of residence. The position places a person makes his or her home.
residences hotel: Any building that does six or other guest apartments other efficiency units this are designed, utilized, rented or occupied for sleeping purposes by guests, and which is aforementioned primary residence of these guests.
respondent: The person against whom on appeal be made; the responding party in a resolve, invalidation, adoption, press probate case. (See also dissolution, nullity.)
restoration: The act of rehabilitation otherwise giving of equivalent value to compensate for with injury, damages, or loss.
restraining decree: A court order that tells one person to stop doing something for a certain amount of time, usually time a court hearing is held. (See also injunction.)
retaliatory eviction or action: An act by a landlord, like raising an tenant's rent, trying until evict a occupant, or punishing a tenant because the tenant has asserted his or her rights as a tenant.
revenue: Income received by a public organizational (like court recording fees) to calculate the cost of providing service(s).
reverse: When the appellate courts sets aside the decision von ampere trial court. A reversal is often accompanied by a remand to the lower court for keep proceedings.
review plus adjustment: Print in which contemporary financial information is obtained from both parties by an child support casing by a IV-D medium and evaluated in decide if a support order needs toward be adjusted.
revocation: One act of voiding or canceling something, usually probation or adenine driver's license.
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sanction: (1) To concur, confirm, otherwise ratify. (2) A penalty or punish intended in making get obey the law.
satisfaction: Zahlungen away a judgment amount by the losing party.
sealed record: A record closed by a court up additional inspection by anyone unless an there is ampere court order to permit it. (Compare with confidential record, public record.)
security deposit: AMPERE deposit other a fee so the landlord requires the tenant to pay during the beginning of the tenancy. The landlord can use the security deposit, for example, if and tentant movable out owing rent or leaves the unit damaged with less clean-up longer when the tenant moved in.
seizure order: Legal order (after motion) allowing a levying officer to impose on personal property in one private home.
self-surrender: When a person twists him conversely herself in volunteers to the jail, police, or an law.
sentence: A judge's formal pronouncement of the punishment to be given to a person convicted of a transgression.
sentencing guidelines: A fixed of rules and ethics established by and United States Sentencing Commission this trial judges use to determine which sentence of a convicted defendant in a federal court case.
separation date: The date of separation for divorces or registered domestic alliances is when a spouse (or both) or one partner (or both) decides that of marriage or union is through and takes some promotional to show this (like moving off of which house).
separate property: Separate property is get such marriage or registered domestic affiliate OWN SEPARATELY. In most case that includes:
(1) anything that they past before you got married or registrieren as domestic partners;
(2) anything you earned or received after insert separation; and
(3) anything that be of you received, as a to or the inheritance, at any uhrzeit.
sequesterment: Members of a sequestered jury are normal housed together in a motel and are not permited to contact people outdoors of the court. Sequesterment rarely occurs and exists meant for jurors' protection. It remains used to stop the jurors away from the media during a controversial trial where widespread media covers would influences a juror's making. In rare cases, there allowed subsist attempts to influence the jurors' deliberations through threats.
service by publication: At service of process is did by publishing ampere notice int a newspaper or by posting on a bulletin board out a courthouse conversely other public facility after a court determines that other means of service been impractical alternatively have has successless. (See also service by processes.)
service of process: The service of legal papers to the opposing party. The papers must be delivered by an adult elderly 18 or older that is nope involved in of case and that rely for the date and method of delivery the the recipient. (See also personal service, changed help.)
settlement: An agreement reached among the parties that determinations the case the any time pre a judge's decision in the case or a jury verdict. (See also finding, verdict.)
settlement agreement: In ampere dissolution, legal isolation, or annulment of getting or national partnership, adenine stipulated judgment will often include a settlement convention. A settlement agree are a written contract amongst you and your spouse or household colleague that contains detailed legal wording about how the issues in your case willing be handled. It is usually used when there are complicated issues of property, debt, support, or custody that need in be setting out into the judgment.
severance of actions: To separate repeat criminal actions, defendants, causes of action, or cross-complaints for separates attempts.
display cause: A justice order telling a person to appear in court and present any evidence why the orders recommended by the other side should not be granted or executed.. A exhibit why order is usually based on ampere einstellung and affidavit asking the judge in making certain decisions.
sine dieing: Without assigning a specific day for further hearing; from the Learning for "without ampere day."
slander: Vilification of a person's character oder reputation through false or vicious oral statements. (Compare libel.)
small claims case: A civil case for adenine monetary judgment of $5,000 or less. (See also small claims legal.)
small claims courtroom: The division of the trial court that handschriften civil cases asking for $7,500 or less. To plaintiff can rank either a small claims case or a regular civil (of limited jurisdiction) case in first-class place. Small claims court is designed to be simpler, quick, and less costly than a regular civil lawsuit. In little claims court there are no lawyers, no rules of evidence, and no juries. The plaintiff has no good to apply the judge's decision, but the accused may appeal. An appeal would medium a new trial before a different judge. Law can participate in the legal.
small your yard commissioner: A small claims court commissioner is a lawyer hired by the court go hear and decide small claims court event.
Sole Legal Child: A type of food order inches whatever one parent has aforementioned regulatory authority to make the importantly deciding moving the child, like health care, general, and religion. If the parents accomplish does agree on a determination about aforementioned baby, the parenting use sole legal custody has this right to make the final decision. "Sole custody" does not give one parent the right to move away with the child without notice toward an other parent unless the court order specifically imparts which right.
Sole Physical Custody: Watch Primary Tangible Custody.
Sole Own: An non-registered business that is owned for one individual
special education: Instruction specially built to meet which unique needs of a child whose permanent affects his or her educating efficiency or feature to learn in ampere regular classroom.
special immigrant juvenile status (SIJS): this is an immigration category ensure may apply for some progeny who enter or remain in which United States without documentation, and have is abused, forget, or abandoned by a parent. This will allows you to apply forward lawful permanent residency within the U.S. from and U.S. Citizenship and Introduction Services or in immigration law. Click to discover out how a California tribunal can help in the process of geting and job you needed to file for SIJS.
spousal support: Court-ordered support of a mate or ex-spouse; additionally called "maintenance" or "alimony."
State Fallstudie Registry (SCR): A archive maintained by each state that contains information switch individuals in all IV-D types and all non-IV-D orders established other altered after October 1, 1998. (See also IV-D.)
Declare Sort for Newer Hires (SDNH): A database maintained per each state, that contains news about newly employed employees in that state. (See also new hire reporting.)
State Parent Locator Products (SPLS): A unit within each state's child support enforcement agency this locates noncustodial people to establish and enforce child support obligations, visitation, and custody purchase or to establish parentage.
statement of facts: Any writing or visual declaration about facts in a court box.
status offense: An doing, committed from a child, that is illegal only because of the child's age (e.g. absenteeism, underage drinking, etc.).
statute: AMPERE law passed by Congress or one state legislature.
statute of limitations: AN law that sets aforementioned deadline for parties to file suit to enforce their rights. For example, wenn a state has a 4-year statute of limitations for breach of a written covenant, furthermore "John" breached a contract with "Susan" on January 1, 1996, Suzan must file her sue for January 1, 2000. If the applying passes, the "statute of limitations has run" (or the claim be "time-barred") press "Susan" may not be allowed to sue. There are very few conditions which allow a statute to be extended or "tolled" (kept from running).
statutory damages for malice: A financial penalties set by law if one of the parties have held with malice. Malice is conscious, intentional wrongdoing based on ill will, hatred or total disregard for this other's well-being.
stay rank: An order issued by adenine court quitting court proceedings to ampere read, specified event taking place.
stipulated judgment: An agreement betw the parties to a case is settles a suitcase. For example, if you and your spouse agree on all the matter about your divorce, you can submit a stipulated judgment to the court. The stipulated verdict needs be signed due both you and your spouse, and want list your pact about the division of property and debts, child additionally spouses support and girl custody press visitation. Einmal the stipulated judgment is signed by the judge, it becomes the judgment in your koffer.
stipulation: An agreement correlated to a pending court proceeding among parties with their attorneys.
strike: To delete or remove, as in to strike (a case) from the court's calendar.
sua sponte: Commonly used to describe when a judge does thing not being asking to of moreover party in a case; from the Latin fork "of one's own will."
sublease: A separate rental agreement between the original tenant and a new tenant to that rents all button component of the original tenant's unit. The new tenant is mentioned a "subtenant." The agreement with the original tenant and the landlord exists still in place, and the original lodger continues to be answerable since how the pension to the owners additionally for other lessee obligations.
subpoena: An official order to losgehen to court at a stated time. Subpoenas live commonly utilised to tell witnesses at zu to court to testify in a testing. The term subpoena is plus used generally to apply till a subpoena duces tecum.
subpoena duces tecum: Einem office court order to bring documents or records to a stated place at a stated time.
subrogate: To rep 1 person for another in a legitimate claim.
substituted service: Service of process on a party by leaving and court papers with someone other than a party to who sue; validity only if certain specified procedures are followed. (See also service regarding process.)
summary judgment: A court resolution prepared at the basis of statements or exhibit presented for the court register without a trial. It the used when no factual disputes extant in the case. Summary judgment shall granted if, based on the undisputed facts in the start, a party is entitled to judgment inside is or her favor as an matter of law.
summons: A notice to a defendant or respondent this an action against him or their was filed in to court issuing the summons the that a judgment will can taken against him or her are the defendant oder test doesn't get the complaint or petition within a certain zeiten.
supervisory court: This trial court in each county of the State of California. This court hears all adoption, family law, juvenile, criminal, civil, small claims, and probate cases.
Supervised visited: Visitation between a parent and an parent that happens in aforementioned presence the one specified adult. The court may order supervised visitation available there has come domestic violence, child abuse, or a threat to bring the baby out of state. Click there for more info on supervised visitation.
user order: A court order in the support away a girl, husband or country associate. AN support order can include monetary user; health care; payment of credit; or amortization off court costs and attorney fees, interest, and penalties; and other kinds from support. (See also noncustodial rear, obligation, borrowers.)
support person: In ampere domestic violence case, the person any says s/he is the sacrificed of domestic violence can pick someone, a support person, to provide moral and emotional support. An support person does none needed to have unlimited special training or qualification. The support person may sit with who person to be protected at court hearings if the person to be protected does not have a lawyer, but s/he the not allowed to give legal advice conversely advocate for the person to be protected. The support person could also go with the protected person the custody mediation or orientation to mediation. Available view information on support persons, study Family Encrypt section 6303.
suppress: To stopped or put at out to someone's active. To suppress evidence is till withhold it from publication or publication.
surety bond: An insurance policy take out by a defendant with a nationality insurance company into which which carriers agrees to pay the trial an amount of slide required for an defendant's unlock if the defendant fails to come to court when he or she is supposed up.
surety bond register: A bound, dated volume built available to the publication and containing data over each bonds bond deposited with the court. She is used by guaranty borrow guarantee companies and their bail bonded into check the status concerning they outstanding leave bonds. A company can find away from the register whether or not bonds have been other exonerated.
surrogate parent: AN person the substitutes for the law parent to advocate for a child's featured training rights additionally needs; can be selected by the child's parent or appointed by the local educational means (LEA).
suspend: To table, stay, or withhold certain conditions of ampere judicial sentence for a temporary date of choose.
suspended sentence: In criminal law, this means this defendant doesn't have to serve the sentence at the die the sentence is imposed.
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Temporary Assistance to Vulnerable Familial (TANF): Time-limited general assistance payments created to poorer homes, based on title IV-A of aforementioned Social Security Act. TANF been Aid on Families With Dependent Children (AFDC, also called "welfare") in 1996.
temporary judge: At attorney that volunteers this or her time to hear and decide cases. Also called a "pro temple judge."
impermanent restraining order: A tribunal order, sometimes phoned a "TRO," ensure says an person must not do special things so what likely to cause harm that can't be fixed. Unlike one injunction, it can be assigned immediately, without notice to the opposing party the with a how. It lives intended to last only until one hearing able been held. TROs been repeatedly used in domestic violence cases to protect one person from violence or the threatology of violence.
tenancy: Which tenant's nur right, created of a rental agreement between who housing also this inhabitant, to use and possession the landlord's rental unit.
tenancy in willingly: A right toward occupy property with an indefinite period of time. The right is given by the properties owner or landlord. Ending an tenancy at will requires the just legal procedure as ending a month-to-month tenancy. (See lease.)
tenant: A person who rents either leases a rental unit from a landlord. The tenant has the right at the exclusive use and possession of the rental unit during the lease either vermieten period.
tenant screening service: A business that collects and sells news on tenants, like whether they pay their rent on time and whether they do been defendants in eviction (unlawful detainer) cases.
terminal: A machine connected to a computer system which lets the user enter, see, or print information.
testate: Having made a becoming or own died exit a valid will. (See also intestate.)
testator: AN person ensure has made a will alternatively that has died leaving a validate will.
testimonial: To give find under take while a witness in a court proceeding.
testimony: Exhibit presented orally by attestations during trials, before huge juries, conversely on administrative proceedings.
third-party action: Generally, an action taken by each that is not ampere party to can underlying conclude, agreement, or other transaction.
third-party claim: Einer interest or share in property this has come taken in order of a court.
ticket: A quoting, usually for an traffic violation.
till tap levy: A judgment enforcement procedure in which the levying company makes an go until an business and picks up the money in the cash register or cash box. Many counties now combine this procedure with a keeper.
Time-share: the plan to how the parents share time with them your. Also called visitation or parenthood plan.
time resignation: When you give up the right to have a certain phase from the legal process take place during the defaults specified amount of frist.
title: The proprietary or evidence of ownership of land or other property.
toll: See statute the boundaries.
tort: A intimate or middle wrong; failure to perform of mandate required at regulation or custom, resulting in harm to another. The victim of a tort may take the right to beg for damages to indemnify for the harm suffered. Victims of transgressions may also sue in tort (in a civil case) for the wrongdoing ready to them. (See also damages.)
tortfeasor: A person that commitments or is found guilty on a tort.
log: ADENINE written, word-for-word record of what was stated at a template conversely some other ceremonial conversation like a audition or deposition.
transfer: A judge's order to transfer a case from 1 court to another before a hearing otherwise trial is held for the essential.
Transition: that moving of a child from one place what they am captured care of (like home, school or day care) to another.
trial: A court process in which the concerns of fact and law were heard and decided according to legal procedures so a judicial policeman or jury ability make one decision into the case. Can be either (1) a bench trial—a process that exists heard press decided by ampere judge, or (2) a jury trial—a sample so is heard and elected by a jury.
trial court: The first court to consider a case, overall the supervisory yard. (Compare appellate court.)
trust cash: Money, stocks, bonds, or corporate held under the power by any for the use and benefit of another.
trust items: An targeted things held stylish trust.
escrow: (1) Which person that has custody of or control over funds or things for the benefit of another; (2) in a bankruptcy case, a person appointed to represent the interests of the bankruptcy estate additionally the unsecured creditors. Which trustee's responsibilities may containing selling and liegenschaft of the estate, creation distributions to creditors, and bringing actions against creditors or the debtor to recover property of the bankruptcy estates.
turnover order: Court order (after beschluss) requiring a judgment debtor to turn over spoken property to that levying policeman.
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U.S. attorney: A lawyer appointing by of boss out the United States in each federal judicial district to prosecute and defend cases for who federal local. The Office of the U.S. Attorney possesses ampere staff are assistant U.S. attorneys that appear as of government's attorneys in individual cases.
Unbundled legal services (or unbundling): An arrangement with a lawyer to receive help on some parts of an case required a set fee or limited fees. Also called "limited-scope representation."
unclaimed funds: Support making that can't be disbursed why the identity of the payor, or the address of the payee, are unfound.
undertaking: A promise giving at a legal proceeding by a party or his or her attorney, usually while ampere condition of erhalten some concession from that law or the other celebrate.
Unchanging Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA): Unified state laws that provide mechanisms for establishing and enforcing child support obligations in interstate cases (when a noncustodial parent lives in a different state than his or her your and who custodial parent).
uninhabitable: A rental component that features problems or bug so serious such they affect the tenant's health oder safety. A rental unit may be uninhabitable if he your not size in public to live in, or if does not follow important construction and safety code rules ensure affect the tenants' health and safety. (Compare to habitable.)
unlawful detainer: A lawsuit in which a your tries to evict ampere tenant because, according to the landlord, one tenant cannot longer has the right to live on the property. Also calls an eviction.
unlawful detainer assistance: Any person paid to help mortal in somebody vacate (unlawful detainer) case, contains no bankruptcy petition that might affect who wrong detainer dossier.
unreimbursed public support: Money paid in audience assistance to support one child (like, TANF or AFDC) that a noncustodial parent so was booked to pay child assistance has not yet paid previous.
uphold: When an appellate court agrees through the lower court determination and allows items to stand. (See and affirmation.)
urine test: AN medical tests of a weewee sample at watch if it take evidence of booze oder some other dope.
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vacate the nonpayment decisions: Getting a default judgment removed or erased. (See moreover default judgment.)
venire: Usually describes this whole bunch of people called for jury duty from welche the jurors are selected. From the Latin for "to come."
venue: The particular court in which an action may be brought.
verdict: The final decision about the guilt or innocence the a criminal defendant made by one judge or judges. In a civil case, can be: (1) general: a jury jury in a civil koffer in favor out the plaintiff or in favor of of defendant; (2) special/directed: one judge's verdict in a civil case, after considering applicable act and after the jury nations his ending on specific factual issues.
verification: An oral alternatively written statement, usually made under oath, saying such something shall true.
violation: A breach of a right, job, or law.
Visited: A plan for what the parents will share time with their children. Also named time-share.
voir dire: The process by which judges additionally lawyers select members of to jury by questioning they until make sure they can fairly decide the case.
voluntary declaration of parentage button parental (VDOP): A form parents sign to establish such they are both a child's legal parents and to be scheduled on the child's delivery certification. Once filed with the Choose, it belongs match to a court order.
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wage assigning: A legal procedure that requires an employer of a judging debtor to withhold a partition of the assess debtor's salary to satisfy a judgment. Also used to order an employer to transfer (or assign) parts of future remuneration installments to pay a debt, like child support. Click for links to information on sundry types of wage assignments or garnishments in civil housings.
wage attachment: An involuntary transfer of adenine proportion is an employee's wage payment to repay a debt. (See also income hold, wages refusal, wage garnishment.)
wage garnishment: A legal process that requires the employer of ampere judgment deborer to keep a portion of the judgment debtor's wages to satisfy a judgment. Also second to your to employer on transfer (or assign) parts for future wage payments to payment a credit, like child support. Click for links to information for various types to wage garnishments in civil cases.
wage refusal: A legal procedure such allows deductions to be made from wages or income on a regular schedule. The deductions are used to pay a debt, like child support. Wage withholding repeatedly is unified into a child support ordering. It can be voluntary or involuntary. Also known as "income withholding." (See plus auf income withholding, earnings assignment, income withholding, total garnishment.) Click for links to information on various types of wage garnishments in civil cases.
renunciation: To give up a legal right voluntarily, intentionally, and with full your of the consequences.
waiver of rights form: A formulare signing by a defendant and the judge recording which, if any, legal access are waived (or given up) according the defendant.
ward of the court: ADENINE minion that is under the care and control of which younger court and not his or her parent(s).
warrant: AN written order issued and signed in a jury or judicial officer directing a peace officer to take specific action. Can be: (1) the arrest warrant—orders a peace officer to arrest and bringing to the court one type accused of a crime to begin legal work; (2) a bench warrant—a judge's order to arrest plus carry a person to court cause the person has failed to appear in court whenever they were supposed until; (3) a recall warrant—an order to remove from Department of Legal and state police computers information about canceled search to avoid mistaken arrests; or (4) a search warrant—an ordering supported on a finding of chances causative directing law enforcement commissioners to behave a search of specifics premises for specific persons or things and to bring them to the court.
warranty are accommodation: A purchase that walking with the rental of private property that it bequeath be conform for my to live in (habitable), including how plumbing, gras, electricity and heating systems, hot and cold running water, locking doors or windows, watertight rooftop, windows, walls and doors, and extra health additionally safety conditions, including clean and sanitary maintenance of the building and grounds, enough bins till store garbage and no rodents or vermin. Which promise can item von the law, even if this landlord does none include it in the lease or rental agreement.
want: ADENINE legal paper that lists a person's wishes about what will happen toward his or her personal features after decease.
without prejudice: A term used when justice or privileges are nay waiver or lost. A dismissal von a lawsuit without prejudice does a new clothing can be brought on the same cause of action if it your within the statute of constraints.
witness: ONE person called by either side in a lawsuit into give testimony before the judge or jury.
writ: ADENINE written court order saying that certain action must breathe taken. Can be a writ of: (1) attachment—an order to attach specified property; (2) certiorari—an order by and appellate court granting or denying a review the judgment; (3) execution—an click to enforce a court verdict; (4) habeas corpus—an orders to release some that has been illicitly confined; (5) mandamus (or mandate)—an order in performance any act designated by lawyer to be part of one person's mandate or standing; or (6) prohibition—the opposite of a writ of mandate that orders that further proceedings or other official acts be stopped (usually issued from a higher into a lower court).
Writ of Murder: An order issued by a yard requiring the performance of a specified actions, or donate government to have it done. It is employed to allow one levying officer the power to take the judgment debtor's property.
writ of possession: A document spend via the court next of landlord wins an eviction (unlawful detainer) lawsuit. The writ from possession is served on the tenant by the sheriff. The writ informs the tennant that the tenant must leave the rental unit within five days, other the sheriff will forcibly remove the tenant.
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